On the sixth day of the holiday, railways, highways, waterways and civil aviation are expected to send 56.697 million passengers; By 9: 00 on the 5th, the total box office of the National Day in 2023 reached 2.281 billion yuan, and the annual box office exceeded 47.1 billion yuan … … In this "super-long Golden Week", the National Day and the Mid-Autumn Festival come hand in hand, and the "small family" and "everyone" resonate with each other, inspiring a strong festive atmosphere.

　　In this long holiday, many people get together with relatives and friends as scheduled, family reunion, enjoying the moon and chatting; Many people have made a long-planned journey and finally set foot on the trip with their families to feel the autumn scenery. No matter which way, people feel the warmth of their families and the development of the country more deeply. Home is the smallest country, and there are thousands of countries. Celebrating the two festivals together, being in a festive atmosphere of celebration and peace, people’s feelings of home and country rooted in their hearts are also stimulated from the inside out.

　　The land of China in October is full of vigor and vitality. Mobile China, a different kind of scenery. 149 "orange-orange-green rural scenic spots" national rural tourism boutique routes, 12 national day holiday sports tourism boutique routes, top ten go on road trip boutique routes, and 20 non-legacy tourism routes … … Every tourist route attracts countless people to stop, experience diversified tourism formats and feel the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. According to the holiday travel data, the total number of passengers sent every day in the country remained at a high level of 52 million, and the single-day passenger flow increased by more than 50% compared with the same period of last year. This data once again shows that people’s yearning for a better life and the pursuit of quality life are increasing day by day. Whether going home or traveling, people’s sense of gain and happiness has been enriched and improved this holiday.

　　The vast mountains and rivers in autumn are filled with laughter and laughter everywhere. Whether it’s the brave Asian Games, the cheers in the audience, or the admiration of tourists swimming among the beautiful pictures of green mountains and green waters; No matter in the fields during the busy farming season, the laughter of farmers when they harvest the "abundant" scenery, or the whistling sound of trains on the transportation line … … The magnificence of mountains and rivers and the change of society are just from these different voices, which are lively and wonderful. Hot dining accommodation, lively scenic spots, full shopping malls and cinemas … … The sound is powerful and endless, which not only shows the picture of people’s spiritual and cultural life, but also surges the vitality of economic development.

　　Of course, the peaceful passage of this "Eleventh" Golden Week cannot be separated from the hard work and persistence of many workers from all walks of life. Among them, there are public security policemen who maintain order on the streets of the city, volunteers who offer their services in the Asian Games, couriers and takeaways who run around in urban communities, staff who provide intimate services on high-speed trains, airplanes and other means of transportation, and sanitation workers who clean up the roads … … From the streets and alleys of the city to the rural fields, from the workshops with roaring machines to the crowded scenic spots, the adherents have made silent dedication and hard work. Their contributions should be remembered, respected and worthy of praise.

　　Today, many people have set foot on the way back. Some people’s suitcases and car trunks are full of "mother’s love"; Some people have seen all the mountains and rivers and returned to life with abundant body and mind; After a short rest, some people move forward to meet new challenges … … Everyone moves forward with sonorous steps, in order to realize self-worth and achieve greater cause.

　　Festivals engrave time and record beauty, but also pack up their bags and get ready to go. Some netizens said, "The way everyone struggles constitutes the expression and rhythm of China today." No matter what industry you are engaged in, no matter what position you are in, every struggle and tenacity will converge into a surging force to push forward the cause of the party and the country. All we can see is hope, and the beautiful picture of building a strong country and national rejuvenation is constantly spreading. (Fang Yan)

　　On August 15th, 2005, when the then Supreme Leader of Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee visited Yucun, Anji County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, with a forward-looking strategic vision, he put forward the important conclusion of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" for the first time, expounded the relationship between economic development and ecological environment protection, and revealed that protecting ecological environment means protecting productive forces, and improving ecological environment means developing productive forces, which is not only an important development concept, but also a major principle to promote modernization.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of the supreme leader’s ecological civilization thought, all localities have treated the ecological environment like life, and actively explored the high-quality development in which environmental protection and economic growth complement each other. The concept of "two mountains" has become the consensus and action of the whole party and society.

　　Good ecology in exchange for golden rice bowl

　　The mountains are green and the bamboo sea is swaying. Entering Yucun, a huge stone engraved with the red Chinese character "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" is very eye-catching and has become a punching place for many tourists. As one of the most livable villages in China, Yucun has recently been selected as the first batch of "the world’s best tourist villages" newly announced by the United Nations World Tourism Organization.

　　Yucun, located in the mountains in the northwest of Zhejiang Province, set up a lime kiln, a brick factory and a cement factory in order to get rid of the "poor hat". "At that time, the mining area was full of smoke and dust, and many villagers were afraid to open windows all the year round … …” Speaking of the ecological damage caused by the "stone economy", the villagers are still worried.

　　Under the guidance of the concept of "two mountains", Yucun closed the mine to restore the ecology and develop leisure tourism. From sacrificing the environment for growth to protecting the environment and optimizing growth, Yucun has embarked on a new road of "relying on mountains to eat mountains".

　　Yucun, who practices the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", shows that ecological advantages are also advantages of economic development. Taking the road of ecological priority and green development is a long-term strategy to solve development problems and cultivate development advantages.

　　Huaping County, Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, was once one of the 100 key coal-producing counties in China. The industrial structure of "one coal dominates" has resulted in a series of ecological and environmental problems. From Heishui in Montenegro, barren hills and barren hills to green hills, and then to Yinshan in Jinshan, Huaping County has explored the "four-turn model" of industrial transformation and mining area restoration in traditional coal mining areas, and the "ecological restoration model of Jinsha River Baili Mango Corridor" which combines the management and industrial cultivation in dry-hot valleys and rocky desertification areas, and realized the transformation from "black economy" to "green economy".

　　Huayang Lake is located in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, which has the reputation of "world factory". The "water" business here was once in full swing, producing sewage and garbage everywhere. After shutting down polluting enterprises, laying sewage interception pipe networks, repairing water bodies and beautifying embankments, Huayang Lake has been transformed from a stinking ditch into a national wetland park. The nearby Masan Village has increased its income by nearly 20 million yuan every year by transforming the old factory buildings along Huayang Lake.

　　Kayang Village, Xining City, Qinghai Province, was originally a poor village where "the mountains are bare, the land is sloping, and the villagers look at the sky and eat". After comprehensive control of soil erosion, the local area changed from "light green" to "dark green", relying on the nearby primitive natural forest area to embark on the road of rural revitalization and prosperity.

　　"In the past, the annual income of villagers was only 3,800 yuan. Now open a farmhouse to sell snacks and agricultural products, with an annual income of at least 14,500. " Li Mingdong, director of Kayang Village Committee, said.

　　"Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" "Protecting the ecological environment means protecting the productive forces, and improving the ecological environment means developing the productive forces" … … From concept to practice, a number of areas with "one oil alone", "one coal alone" and "one mine alone" have gradually got rid of the resource-consuming development model, a number of areas with developed industries but serious pollution have achieved green transformation, and a number of areas with excellent ecology have been initially cultivated to form green growth points, and the satisfaction of ecological civilization construction and the people’s sense of acquisition and happiness have been significantly improved.

　　Green water and green hills are labeled with value.

　　In March this year, Liangshan Ecological Construction Co., Ltd., Zhuxi County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, obtained the first 300 million yuan of tea loan funds, which marked a key step for the local "Liangshan Bank" from platform construction to formal operation.

　　"Deposit" green mountains and green hills, "take out" Jinshan Yinshan. The "Two Mountains Bank" in Zhuxi County, which was established at the end of 2021, aims to gradually build a complete trading system of resource rights and interests indicators such as forest right, carbon sink, water right, energy use right, emission right and forest coverage rate, and promote the orderly trading of ecological products, so that green mountains and green mountains can become attractive and valuable.

　　Sun Jinlong, Party Secretary of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" fundamentally changed the traditional understanding that the ecological environment is priceless or low-priced, led a profound change in the concept and way of governing the country, and provided a new path for solving the difficult problems of development and protection and realizing the modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

　　Make green mountains and green waters more beautiful. In 2012, Anhui and Zhejiang began to pilot the ecological compensation mechanism in Xin ‘anjiang River Basin, and established a compensation standard system according to the principle of "whoever benefits will be compensated and whoever protects will be compensated". The two provinces agreed that if the annual water quality reaches the standard, Zhejiang will allocate 100 million yuan to Anhui, while Anhui will allocate 100 million yuan to Zhejiang. Ensuring that Qing Jiang water flows east has become a compulsory question for Anhui. Nowadays, Xin ‘anjiang has become one of the rivers with the best water quality in China, and the water quality of Qiandao Lake is excellent.

　　Pricing green mountains and green waters. On the GEP accounting information platform of Wuyishan City, the prices of specific areas and resources in Wuyishan City can be displayed immediately by inputting variables such as service type, ecosystem, administrative division and index name.

　　"Everyone knows that Wuyi is good, but there is no scientific and quantitative indicator of what Wuyi’s landscape is good for." In December 2016, Wuyishan took the lead in carrying out the pilot project of ecosystem value accounting, formulated the index system and technical specifications reflecting the characteristics of mountainous areas, constructed "a set of numbers", "a picture" and "a system", and put a "value label" on green mountains and green hills.

　　Green water and green mountains can be measured, and the next step is to revitalize it. Lishui City, Zhejiang Province, built an ecological product market trading system, formulated and introduced the government procurement system of ecological products in Lishui City (forest) based on the principle of "ecological valuable and paid use", coordinated the provincial financial award funds and the matching funds of cities and counties, established a fund pool, and guaranteed and promoted the government purchase of ecological products.

　　In July 2021, the national carbon emission trading market was officially launched, and "carbon assets" were endowed with market value and liquidity, and the national carbon trading reached a new level.

　　Subsequently, Guizhou Jinyuan Qianxi Zhongshui Power Generation Co., Ltd., the State Power Investment Group, mortgaged its 600,000 tons of carbon emission rights and successfully borrowed more than 28 million yuan from Minsheng Bank, becoming the first batch of similar financial services in China after the national carbon emission rights registration and settlement system was launched.

　　A trickle flows into the sea and becomes a hill. Protect the beauty of "green mountains and green hills" and become a "golden mountain and silver mountain", and the road to exploration is getting wider and wider.

　　Polish the background color of green development

　　The Beijing Winter Olympics, which closed not long ago, left a deep green impression on the world. At the opening ceremony, the raging fire was replaced by "slight fire", Shougang’s industrial heritage was incarnated as "Snow Flying", and 26 venues in the three major competition areas realized 100% green power supply. The National Speed Skating Hall "Ice Ribbon" became the world’s first highway speed skating hall & HELIP; …

　　"Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" leads China to a comprehensive green economic and social transformation.

　　The ecological security barrier was gradually strengthened. By the end of 2021, there were 474 national nature reserves and 5 national parks in China. New achievements have been made in "rejuvenation". In 2021, the national afforestation area was 3.6 million hectares, including 1.34 million hectares of artificial afforestation; Planting grass to improve the area of 3.07 million hectares; The newly-increased soil erosion control area is 62,000 square kilometers.

　　The energy consumption structure was continuously optimized. According to preliminary calculations, in 2021, the proportion of clean energy consumption such as natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power generation in total energy consumption increased by 1.0 percentage points over the previous year, while the proportion of coal consumption decreased by 0.8 percentage points.

　　The output of green products increased rapidly. In 2021, the output of new energy vehicles and solar cells in China increased by 145.6% and 42.1% respectively over the previous year.

　　Everyone is a protector, builder and beneficiary of the ecological environment, and everyone should be a practitioner of the concept of "two mountains". The Report on the Investigation of Citizens’ Eco-environmental Behavior (2021) shows that the public generally has a sense of environmental responsibility and a strong will for environmental behavior. More than 80% of the respondents can save resources and energy by turning off electrical appliances, lights or faucets in time, and nearly 70% of the respondents can basically achieve "the air conditioning temperature setting in summer is not lower than 26 degrees Celsius".

　　A survey conducted by the research group of the Institute of Ecological Civilization of China Academy of Social Sciences in 2021 showed that the public highly recognized ecological civilization, and their understanding of the relationship between environment and development changed greatly. About 55% of the public believed that protecting the environment would bring many new economic opportunities and the prospects would be better and better.

　　Environment is people’s livelihood, green hills are beautiful, and blue sky is also happiness. A good ecological environment is the growth point of people’s life and the support point of sustained and healthy economic and social development. This has inspired more and more people to put the concept of "two mountains" into action, and to outline a beautiful new picture of China with green practice. (Economic Daily reporter Cao Hongyan)

　　On the 10th, the Supreme Leader of president, China delivered a keynote speech at the 2018 annual meeting of Boao Forum for Asia, proposing four important measures to further open to the outside world, which was widely praised and supported by the international community.

　　Intriguingly, US President Trump immediately released a tweet, saying, "I am very grateful to the Chairman of the Supreme Leader for his friendly remarks on tariffs and automobile imports, and also thank him for his policy signals on intellectual property rights and technical exchanges. We will make greater progress together! "

　　在对华挥舞贸易关税大棒的背景下，特朗普这则貌似示好的推文，显得颇不寻常。

　　首先，这是特朗普迫于全球压力，不得不做出的姿态。

　　最高领袖博鳌演讲发表之后，西方舆论掀起了解读热潮，普遍认为习主席宣布的进一步扩大开放的举措，真正展示出中国维护全球化的决心和诚意，再次展现了中国对世界的责任与担当。《纽约时报》指出，最高领袖的讲话与特朗普及其政府发出的好斗言论形成鲜明对比。美联社认为，最高领袖努力让中国扮演好世界贸易与合作的维护者角色，与特朗普高喊“美国优先”口号、对进口与贸易进行限制的做法迥异。

　　时代大潮奔涌向前，保护主义不得人心。在中国成为全球自由贸易的捍卫者和多边贸易体系的维护者之际，美国政府不得不有所表示，挽回些颜面。

　　其次，“感谢”中国实则想误导国际舆论。

　　特朗普在推文中提及关税、汽车进口、知识产权等中国进一步对外开放的举措，并对此表示“感谢”，误导外界以为中方作出让步的意图非常明显，从而营造于己有利的舆论，想在两国贸易冲突中“抢分”。

　　特朗普政府的短期思维无法理解中国的长期战略部署。对中国改革开放历史稍有了解的人都知道，40年来，从农村到城市，从试点到推广，从经济体制改革到全面深化改革，中国的改革开放，一直循着自己的国情踏实前行。习主席10日宣布的最新对外开放举措，早在中共十九大报告、中央经济工作会议和今年中国政府工作报告中透露出原则和方向，这是中国全面深化改革的既定战略安排。如果将其简单理解为是中方应对贸易战之招，那不是无知，就是故意混淆视听。

　　第三，安抚美国市场，为国内政治服务。

　　对特朗普政府而言，稳定美国资本市场、备战11月份中期选举、巩固共和党优势地位是当前头等大事。自美挑起对华贸易纷争以来，华尔街投资者如惊弓之鸟，美股经历多次过山车般的起伏，国会议员们、行业协会、企业代表、媒体和民众的指责纷至沓来。中方采取的精准、干脆、强硬的反击措施，令特朗普预先设计的攻势限于停滞。民主党当然会趁机“攻城略地”，试图在中期选举中争取多个支持共和党的州。美国媒体指出，特朗普正在将美国经济、自己的任期和共和党的执政前景，压在一场与中国进行贸易较量的豪赌上。

　　In the face of chaos, Trump urgently needs to appease the public’s emotions and calm the voice of criticism. At this time, he expressed "thanks" to the supreme leader Boao’s speech, but in fact he wanted to send a message to China: the government’s strategy worked and China made concessions.

　　Unfortunately, the American people don’t buy it. Some Republican senators pointed out that "Trump actually didn’t win." Axios, an American political online media, said that Trump’s arbitrariness and willfulness on the extremely serious topic of trade war had to make people more anxious about the prospect of Sino-US trade war, especially the prospect of the United States.

　　The United States provoked trade disputes with China, which is an important part of its plan to maintain its hegemony by containing China’s development. Therefore, it is only a tactical means for the United States to contain China by sometimes talking harshly and sometimes softening its posture. In this regard, China has sufficient strategic strength to remain sober and cautious, listen to its words and deeds, not only will it continue to promote reform and opening up, but will also resolutely win this trade self-defense counterattack!

　　(Author: Sheng Yuhong, international critical commentator)

　　Recently, Li Jinsheng, the "first person who taught himself for the blind" in Henan Province, had new troubles. His registration for the general college entrance examination was rejected, and many negotiations with the provinces, cities and counties were fruitless. On December 14th, Li Jinsheng said in an interview: "I will not give up taking the college entrance examination, even if I fail in the end, I will defend my legal right and that of other blind people to take the college entrance examination."

　　Blind people talk to the provinces, cities and counties, and the college entrance examination registration is rejected.

　　Li Jinsheng, who has a high school education, is a blind man in Queshan County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province. In order to successfully sign up for the college entrance examination in Henan Province before the deadline of December 18, he has recently negotiated with the provincial, city and county recruitment offices many times. Although the statements are different, the result is the same-no registration.

　　The latest attempt to register was on December 11th. Li Jinsheng negotiated with the staff in Queshan Education Bureau for more than an hour, but he still failed.

　　"Article 5 of the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Early Enrollment of Vocational Education Teachers, Blind, Deaf and Disabled Students and Higher Vocational Colleges in Ordinary Colleges and Universities in 2014 says that blind people can sign up for the ordinary college entrance examination, but the staff just won’t let them report." For these answers, Li Jinsheng found it hard to accept: "Am I embarrassing them or are they embarrassing me?"

　　Li Jinsheng, who was distressed, then consulted Zhumadian City and Henan Province. A related person in charge of the Municipal Admissions Office said: "This is the first case in China (blind people register for the general college entrance examination), and the test paper is not easy to get. It is responsible for you not to apply." Another staff member said that the staff of the Henan Provincial Admissions Office said: "We have never encountered this situation and have reported it to the leaders. You wait."

　　Even the staff of Queshan County Education Bureau expressed the hope that Li Jinsheng would give up taking the general college entrance examination and enroll in a separate examination for the disabled. Li Jinsheng immediately refused: "The professional restrictions of individual enrollment are very strict, only massage and music. I want to study law. Besides, there is no law that blind people cannot take the general college entrance examination, and the law also stipulates that we have the right to take the college entrance examination in Braille. "

　　Li Jinsheng once won the right to self-study for the blind, saying that he would not give up the college entrance examination.

　　Speaking of Li Jinsheng, he is also a celebrity in the circle of the blind, because he won the right to take the self-study exam for the blind 10 years ago.

　　"At that time, the self-study exam did not allow the blind to take the exam, which was similar to the situation of the college entrance examination today. I took instant noodles and mineral water, lived in the street next to the recruitment office for several days, and talked to them every day. Finally, they agreed to sign me up, and someone specially helped me read and write during the exam. " Speaking of the experience at that time, Li Jinsheng felt deeply. To this end, he was also received and commended by Deng Pufang, then chairman of the China Disabled Persons’ Federation.

　　Speaking of the reason why he wanted to take the college entrance examination, Li Jinsheng was interested again: "Although my income from massage is not bad now, I always feel that I am no different from others. I can do many things that they can do. Now that the technology is so developed, I can read books on the Internet with the computer, and I can travel far away with mobile navigation. It is entirely possible for me to change my career. I am very interested in law and hope to learn this aspect. "

　　Then, Li Jinsheng changed the subject: "I thought that compared with 10 years ago, the law has been much more perfect, and the obstacles for blind people to take exams have long been eliminated in the law. Who would have thought that these laws were so difficult to implement, and my registration was inexplicably rejected, and there was not even a convincing reason for me. However, I am a very stubborn person, and I will stick to what I have chosen. I will never give up taking the college entrance examination this time. Even if you can’t pass the exam in the end, you must defend your legal rights and those of other blind people to take the college entrance examination. "

　　The exclusion of the blind from the general college entrance examination has a long history, and the call for reform is growing.

　　Is what happened to Li Jinsheng a case or a common phenomenon? After internet search, I found dozens of news reports about blind people unable to take the general college entrance examination in the past year. On December 3, CCTV News Channel once broadcast a piece of news. Wang Rui, a public welfare person for the blind, put up a sign in front of the Ministry of Education, calling on the education department to provide braille or electronic examination papers for the blind in the general college entrance examination according to law.

　　After learning that Li Jinsheng’s registration was rejected, Wang Rui said with disappointment: "Last weekend, the Ministry of Education just disclosed the information of the reform plan of the college entrance examination, which should promote education equity, but now such a thing has happened, which is unacceptable. The college entrance examination can produce minority scripts, and the civil service examination can be given to the blind by computer with voice. Why can’t the ordinary college entrance examination work? Now even the qualifications for registration are gone. "

　　Teng Weimin, vice chairman of the Blind Association of the China Disabled Persons’ Federation, who is also blind, said in an interview with the media: "We have reflected this problem through the National People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. Can you give us a test paper in Braille? The reply of the Education Commission is:’ First, we can’t guarantee the confidentiality of the general test paper; Secondly, we can’t find anyone to judge this paper. " I can judge the test paper. It turns out that I judged many papers answered in the self-study exam for the blind in Beijing. "

　　Disabled people’s right to education is protected by law, and there are precedents for providing Braille and electronic examination papers in the unified examination.

　　Regarding the rejection of the college entrance examination in Li Jinsheng, Rui Huang, a lawyer of Henan Boyang Law Firm who has long been concerned about the rights and interests of the disabled, said that China’s Education Law, the Law on the Protection of the Disabled and other laws have expressed the equal right of the disabled to receive education.

　　"Taking the college entrance examination is the prerequisite for disabled people to receive higher education, and the education department should provide help and convenience for disabled candidates in the process of registration and implementation of the examination. In addition, this year, the Henan Provincial Admissions Office issued the Notice on Doing a Good Job in Recruiting Vocational Education Teachers, Blind, Deaf and Disabled Students and Higher Vocational Colleges in advance in 2014, which includes the following contents: Blind and Deaf Candidates’ If they want to take the unified national entrance examination for colleges and universities in 2014, they must also enroll in colleges and universities in our province at that time.’ This further clarifies the right of the blind to take the general college entrance examination from the policy. Lawyer Huang said: "Article 54 of China’s Law on the Protection of Disabled Persons stipulates that blind people should be provided with braille papers and electronic papers or assisted by specialized staff in all kinds of entrance examinations, vocational qualification examinations and post examinations held by the state. The general college entrance examination belongs to the entrance examination held by the state, and this law is applicable. In addition, from the practical value of legislation, if the blind are not qualified to take these exams at all, there is no need for such a clause in the law. "

　　Wang Rui said: "In October this year, the national civil service recruitment examination provided electronic examination papers for blind people who signed up. This scheme has been tested by practice and proved to be feasible. At present, in some blind schools in China, the usual final exams are conducted by computers, and electronic examination papers are more in line with the actual needs of the blind. Of course, Braille test paper is also a good choice. For example, the unified education examination in Hong Kong has been providing braille examination papers for the blind in need for many years, and accumulated rich experience in practical operation, forming a relatively complete system. I hope that the education department can make improvements in this regard as soon as possible, and don’t let blind people like Li Jinsheng hit the wall again. " (Reporter Men Jiedan)

Author: Gao Bin, Front Line Magazine of Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China.

　

From November 7 to 20, 1931, the first national congress of the Soviet Union of Chinese workers, peasants and soldiers was held in Yeping Village, Ruijin. The congress announced the establishment of the provisional central government of chinese soviet republic. The picture shows the former site of the Central Bureau of the Central Soviet Area.

　

During the National Day holiday, the circle of friends was repeatedly screened by videos and photos of the National Day military parade in the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China.

The neat lineup, loud slogans, roaring locomotives and roaring planes of previous National Day military parades have made countless Chinese people proud and excited.

Before the founding of New China, there were several military parades in the history of our army, such as the "August 1st" military parade, the Xiyuan military parade and the Yan ‘an airport military parade. When and where was the earliest military parade? When did the title "Chairman Mao" begin?

In the former site group of Yeping Revolution in Ruijin, Jiangxi, the reporter found the answer.

Yeping Red Army Review Platform —— Witness the first military parade in the history of our army

Yeping Revolutionary Site Group is located in Yeping Village, Yeping Township, Ruijin City, Jiangxi Province. It is the birthplace of chinese soviet republic and one of the best-preserved revolutionary site groups in China. The Yeping Revolutionary Site Group has reserved a site-the Red Army Review Desk.

In preparation for the first National Congress of the Chinese Soviet Union to review the Red Army, the Red Army Review Platform was a simple and convenient platform made of bamboo and wood.　

In front of the reviewing stand is the spacious Yeping Red Army Square. The ground is covered with lawns, and a line of big characters is highlighted on the ground-along the blood of the Red Army. There is also a towering Red Army Martyrs Memorial Tower and a solemn Red Army Martyrs Memorial Pavilion next to the square.

The 13-meter-high Red Army Martyrs Memorial Tower designed by Qian Zhuangfei has a pentagonal tower base and a shell-shaped tower body.

　

On November 7, 1931, it was the celebration day of the October Revolution in the Soviet Union. On this day, the first congress of workers, peasants and soldiers in chinese soviet republic was held at the Xie Ancestral Hall in Yeping Village, Ruijin, Soviet Union. A grand military parade was held before the opening of the conference, which was the first large-scale official military parade recorded in the history of our army.

In order to prepare for the parade, Ceng Shan, then chairman of Jiangxi Soviet, and Deng Xiaoping, then secretary of Ruijin County Party Committee, led Ruijin people to open a square that could accommodate more than 10,000 people in a forest in the northeast of Yeping Village, and built a Red Army reviewing platform with bamboo and stone.　

In the middle of the reviewing platform, there is a huge red cloth hanging across the reviewing platform of the Red Army of the First National Soviet Congress, with portraits of Marx and Lenin hanging behind it, and flags of the Chinese Red Army of Workers and Peasants on both sides. In order to prevent the invasion of enemy planes, this military parade was specially arranged at 7: 00 am on November 7.

The troops participating in the reading are mainly representatives of the Red Army’s various regiments and armies, the Red Army’s camp schools, and representatives of the security forces. More than 600 delegates, including the Red Army troops from various Soviet areas and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions located in the Kuomintang-ruled areas, attended the celebration together with the people from Soviet areas who came to watch the ceremony.

At 7 o’clock sharp, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Xiang Ying, Ren Bishi, Wang Jiaxiang, Peng Dehuai, Chen Yi and Ceng Shan boarded the reviewing stand in turn, and the military parade officially began.

Mao Zedong, general political commissar of the Red Army, dressed in a Chinese tunic suit, presided over the military parade.

Teams of heroic Red Army soldiers, columns of Red Guards and Young Pioneers shouted "Long live the Red Army!" "Long live the Soviet Union!" "Long live the Communist Party of China (CPC)!" Slogan, neatly through the reviewing stand parallel attention.

Accompanied by Chief of Staff Ye Jianying, Zhu De, Executive Chairman of the General Assembly and Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, rode to inspect the troops and personally led the troops under review to take the oath. The whole military parade lasted about an hour.

Memorial Pavilion of Red Army Martyrs in Yeping Revolutionary Site Group

　

Ran Ran, the Oriental Red Sun, rose, the military parade ended successfully, and people quickly evacuated according to the predetermined plan. At this time, several planes of the Kuomintang attacked, but no abnormalities were found. After dropping several bombs, they flew in the direction of Changting, Fujian, and bombed the fake venue where the Preparatory Committee for the Conference was arranged.

On an ancient tree next to Comrade Mao Zedong’s old residence in the former site of Yeping Revolution, there is still a bomb that the enemy dropped and failed to detonate embedded in the branch.

　

Mao Zedong said humorously at that time: "Chiang Kai-shek is really a friend, knowing that we set up the Soviet Union today, held a military parade, and sent a special plane to entertain us!"

Yeping Revolutionary Site Group —— Witness the birth of the title "Chairman Mao"

After the military parade, from November 7 to 20, 1931, the first national congress of the Chinese Soviet was held in Yeping, Ruijin. Attending the meeting were representatives from the Central Soviet Area, western Fujian, northeastern Jiangxi, Hunan and Jiangxi, Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi, Qiongya and other Soviet areas, as well as representatives from the Red Army, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and the All-China Seamen’s Trade Union, totaling 610 people. On behalf of the Soviet C.O., Mao Zedong made a Report on Political Issues to the General Assembly. The Congress adopted the Outline of the Constitution of chinese soviet republic, the Land Law of chinese soviet republic, the Labor Law of chinese soviet republic and chinese soviet republic’s Decision on Economic Policy. A Central Executive Committee composed of 63 members including Mao Zedong, Xiang Ying, Zhang Guotao, Zhou Enlai and Zhu De was elected.

Former Residence of Comrade Mao Zedong in Yeping Revolutionary Site Group

After the conference, Ruijin was renamed as "Ruijing" and Ruijin County was designated as a county directly under the Soviet Provisional Central Government. Ruijin thus became the red capital of chinese soviet republic.

On November 27th, 1931, in the dense forest of Yeping Village, Mao Zedong presided over the first plenary meeting of the Central Executive Committee of chinese soviet republic. The meeting elected Mao Zedong as the chairman of the Central Executive Committee and the chairman of the Central People’s Committee according to the procedure stipulated in the Soviet Organic Law.

Chinese soviet republic temporary central government office former site

　

At that time, Ren Bishi, the host of the conference, stepped onto the rostrum and proposed on the spot: "Please ask Chairman Mao to speak!"

For a time, everyone didn’t react to who he called, and then everyone turned their attention to Mao Zedong. In the warm applause, everyone shouted "Chairman Mao!" The title of "Chairman Mao" is also called open.

The article was published on WeChat WeChat official account "Dongfanghong", please indicate the source.

The picture comes from "Grateful Endeavour, A New Chapter of the Cradle Spectrum of the Republic" —— All-media Jiangxi reporters of the National Party Journal Shen Jinxiang and Gao Bin.

Special feature of 1905 film network　The moment I won the Golden Rooster Award for Best Actor, my mind was blank — — Nominated with his partner in the same group, he was ready to "run with him" again early. And the sudden "becoming a full member" makes Zhang Yi, who has always been calm, look happy and somewhat "embarrassed" on the stage.

"I know I’m not the best, but I really love my career!" When I was a student, Zhang Yi used a "fake actor’s card" to show off that he had become an actor. Nowadays, the "genuine" award is not only recognition and praise for all his past efforts, but also will give actor Zhang Yixin new thoughts and answers.

01

At the age of 10, Zhang Yi stood in front of the cinema on Harbin Central Street and saw the huge poster of the director’s works for the first time. Years later, at the age of 40, he finally walked into the lens of director Zhang Yimou. Behind this dreamlike experience, which now seems to be full of "cinematic feeling", is an actor’s rough years and namelessness through his love and persistence.

Ordinary appearance made Zhang Yi have no performance opportunities for a long time. The drama troupe has been a walk-on for ten years. He worked as a screenwriter and a reporter. When the group was busy, he made a guest appearance as a host, but he just couldn’t wait for the role that belonged to him.

Later, I went to the crew to audition and cast thousands of resumes, almost all of which sank into the sea. Some directors bluntly said, "We’re going to shoot an idol drama, and we’ll take your photos away quickly." Some even told him, "Zhang Yi, you should stop acting, and acting is a’ death’".

Depression, pain, but Zhang Yi convinced himself to take these as "polishing", just to keep the "lowest dignity of actors" in his heart.

If the appearance is not dominant, he will work harder than others in other aspects: in order to win a substitute role in the drama version of Soldier Assault, Zhang Yi memorized all the lines of everyone. At that time, he finally failed to get on the stage, but these accumulations became the "capital" for Zhang Yi to recommend himself to the director.

Zhang Yi plays Shi Jin in Soldier Assault.

Before the TV series "Soldier Assault" started shooting, Zhang Yi sent a 3000-word letter of recommendation. In this way, the "monitor Shi Jin", which has not many scenes, together with this work, has become an unforgettable classic in the minds of countless audiences, and this role has completely changed the fate of Zhang Yi.

02

It’s hard to wait for the first play, and it’s even harder to gain the first recognition.

"Monitor Shi" made Zhang Yi feel the satisfaction of being recognized by the audience when he went out on the street for the first time, but there are still voices in the industry questioning whether he can only rely on the "true colors" of his military career to support his role compared with acting.

When he joined the army at the age of 18, the lush years meant nothing to Zhang Yi. For this reason, from "Soldiers Assault", "My Head and My Regiment" to big-screen works, he has a deep military complex, and he is cautious about taking on such works because he "doesn’t want to waste precious opportunities on an unworthy work."

Zhang Yi plays Yang Rui, the captain of the "Dragon" in Operation Red Sea.

He was once rated as "the way of acting is not wide", but Zhang Yi never stopped there willingly. Outside the military theme, he began to make bold breakthroughs to prove that he had more possibilities in performance.

In Dear, Han Dezhong, a strong and painful father, a night security guard who is down and out, a wretched and treacherous "old abacus" in the movie, and a nameless ordinary hero … … No one tries to distinguish Zhang Yi’s "true colors" among these characters.

In order to complete these roles, Zhang Yi endured a broken leg injury and once lost 110 pounds; He learns all the scenes that need to use dialects word by word, even in the dubbing stage. Some people say that this person is like a "drama madman". Zhang Yi said with a smile that he just wants to compete with himself and the outside world. This "awkward" process has also achieved his continuous gains on the road of performance.

Zhang Yi plays Gao Yuan in My People，My Country.

03

Zhang Yi once spent four years writing a collection of essays entitled "An unreliable actor loves to say what if". The opening paragraph reads, "Actors, they walk on the road almost every day, stay in different hotels and listen to different dialects … … They usually have strong imagination and expressive power, and the stories they tell are interesting, rhythmic, suspenseful and burdened … … It’s just a pity that no one has recorded it. "

So he decided to take notes of the next actor’s work every day. "I have a work diary and a schedule. I have been planning to be 60 years old by 2038. " Through these diaries, Zhang Yi found that there were not many days when he really "rested", and filming in the crew became the normal state of life. Compared with being busy and tired, he felt that such days were practical.

During the months of filming, Zhang Yi found the lens of director Zhang Yimou on the central street in Harbin, which he was familiar with. The dream returned to the place where it started, and it took Zhang Yi 30 years to get here.

In the Golden Rooster Award acceptance speech, his voice trembled and he said that he was not the "best actor". From plain appearance and repeated missed opportunities to "the road to play is too narrow", from the rudeness of blindly "adding drama" on the stage to the resignation due to the pressure of the role, this once "unreliable actor" finally gained recognition in the industry and "turned positive" was the best actor.

The voice that once questioned has become the praise of "Zhang Yi products must be fine" — — In the upcoming Spring Festival, his new film with director Zhang Yimou will meet the audience again. "Pressure doesn’t exist (for me)." Faced with a lot of expectations, Zhang Yi was very calm. "The quality of a movie is by no means determined by one actor or several actors. The film is the art of the director first, and the second place is the book of a play."

At the age of 40, Zhang Yi participated in the works directed by Zhang Yimou for the first time; Forty years after the Golden Rooster Award, he won the first Golden Rooster Award for Best Actor trophy. "Forty is an important growth point, just like driving, it’s time to change gears. We will get better and better, and China movies will get better and better. "

In the first half of this year, the cumulative sales volume of domestic passenger cars 9.954 million, down 9.3% year-on-year. Although the total sales volume increased by 4.9% year-on-year and 11.6% month-on-month due to the implementation of the National VI policy in June, the actual growth was the result of consumption overdraft in the second half of the year. The overall environment is not optimistic, but the performance of Japanese brands is eye-catching.

As one of the three major Japanese brands, in the first half of the year, it successfully topped the Japanese first with the sales of nearly 760,000 vehicles. In addition, with the launch of many new models such as Camry, New Leiling, and New Corolla, the brand vitality continues to improve. It is worth mentioning that in the second half of 2019, Toyota will also launch three blockbuster new cars in China.

The all-new Toyota RAV4

The all-new Toyota RAV4

The all-new Toyota RAV4 Hybrid

It has always had a good market performance in China, but the current model IPO time is longer, and the comprehensive product force is relatively weak compared with competitors at the same level. At this year’s Shanghai Auto Show, the domestic new Toyota RAV4 was unveiled, and the new car is expected to be launched in October this year.

The new domestic RAV4 is based on Toyota’s TNGA architecture and has been fully upgraded from the inside to the outside. Its appearance basically follows the design of the new RAV4 overseas version. The body has added a lot of tough lines, and the overall shape is more square and wild than the previous generation. The new car offers two appearance styles: "ordinary version" and "exploration version". The interior design of the new RAV4 has a new look, and the texture and technological sense have been significantly improved. In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4600/1855/, and the wheelbase is 4600/1855/.

In terms of power, the new car will provide a 2.0L naturally aspirated engine with a maximum output of 171 horsepower and a 2.5L hybrid system, all of which meet the National VI emission standards. According to the declaration information, the fuel consumption of the hybrid version of the model is only 4.6L/100km. It is worth mentioning that the new Toyota RAV4 Rongfang Dual Engine will also become Toyota’s first hybrid SUV model in China.

Xiaozhi comments: In recent years, the domestic compact SUV market has become increasingly popular. Compared with direct competitors such as Honda CR-V and Nissan Qijun, the current Toyota RAV4 Rongfang is somewhat powerless. The upgrade of the new RAV4 Rongfang is quite large. If it can be sold at a reasonable price, it will definitely have a significant impact on the domestic joint venture compact SUV market.

Toyota Asian Dragon 2.0L

2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon Application Illustration

In March this year, FAW Toyota Asian Dragon was officially launched in China, priced at 20.88-28 9,800 yuan. As a global flagship model under Toyota’s TNGA architecture, it is not only highly competitive in price, but also impressive in its dynamic and radical appearance. Recently, the Toyota Asian Dragon 2.0L model has appeared in the MIIT declaration information, and it is reported that the new car will be listed in October this year.

The current Toyota Asian Dragon offers 2.5L naturally aspirated and 2.5L hybrid systems, while the new car will be equipped with a 2.0L four-cylinder naturally aspirated engine codenamed M20A/M20D (imported and domestic respectively). Combined with the price of the current model, the lower-displacement 2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon may start at less than 200,000 yuan.

Toyota, for sale

According to the declaration information, the appearance of the 2.0L Toyota Asian Dragon is basically the same as that of the current model. The large-sized air intake grille with horizontal lines makes the entire front face look very tense, and the angular lower surround also enhances the sporty atmosphere of the front face. Compared with the radical front face, its rear is fuller and more three-dimensional, and the through taillights with English logos are even more elegant.

In terms of body size, the length, width and height of the new car are 4975/1850/, and the wheelbase is the same as the current model. In terms of power, the new car is equipped with a 2.0L engine with a maximum power of 178 horsepower and a peak torque of 210 Nm.

Xiao Zhi commented: The Asian Dragon has gained a lot of attention with its advantages such as the B + class sedan, the TNGA global flagship, a higher positioning than the Camry, and a body size similar to the Lexus ES. However, judging from the market performance in recent months, the monthly sales of 2,000 to 3,000 units are indeed a bit lackluster, which is far from the Camry’s monthly sales of 10,000 units.

At the beginning of the launch of the Asian Dragon, the production capacity was insufficient, resulting in a price increase at the end point. Coupled with the entry-level 2.5L advanced version priced at 208,800 yuan, it was almost out of stock at the end point, and the entry threshold directly increased by nearly 20,000 yuan. These situations have affected the car buying experience of the Asian Dragon. On the other hand, the Camry, with a starting price of about 180,000 yuan and a good reputation and mass base accumulated over the years, has an advantage. The launch of the 2.0L Asian Dragon is an attempt by FAW Toyota to make a breakthrough in sales by reducing prices.

The new Toyota YariS L

According to the declaration information released by MIIT some time ago, the new GAC Toyota YARiS L Dazzling will be launched within the year. This car is a mid-term facelift of the Toyota YARiS L Dazzling model on sale. From the declaration chart, the new car adopts a new appearance shape. The silver guards surrounding the front and rear, the black trim around the body and the luggage rack all make the new car quite crossover style. The "mustache" design characteristic of the front face of the current model has been cancelled and replaced by a new large-size air intake grille. The tail shape is full and fashionable, and the overall body line is more tough and sharp.

According to the declaration information, the length, width and height of the new car are 4160/1720/, and the wheelbase has not changed much compared with the current model. In terms of power, the new car is expected to continue to use the 1.5L naturally aspirated four-cylinder engine codenamed 7NR. The maximum output power of the National 5 version is 111 horsepower, and the maximum output power of the National 6 version is 110 horsepower. The transmission system is matched with a 5-speed manual and a CVT continuously variable transmission.

Xiao Zhi commented: Compared with competitors such as Honda Fit and Volkswagen Polo, the performance of Toyota Yaris L is not impressive, with an average monthly sales volume of around 6,000 units. However, as far as the product itself is concerned, the Yaris L also has its advantages, such as low starting price, worry-free driving, and low maintenance costs.

The current Honda Fit does not meet the National VI emission standards, which directly causes some troubles for potential car buyers. The new Volkswagen Polo Plus is also difficult to meet consumer expectations due to its slightly more expensive price. Therefore, if the new YARiS L can be priced as affordable as the current model, it will have a good chance to help Toyota grab more market share in the small car market.

Although more than half of 2019 has passed, Toyota will still have at least three new models to meet us. Among them, the new Toyota RAV4 is the most exciting and the market prospect is brighter; while the arrival of the 2.0L and the new YARiS L will further enhance the market performance of the current models. As a consumer, which one do you look forward to more?

First, the question: How has online class changed the study and life of college students?

In interviews with teaching deans, academic leaders, professional leaders, department heads, teaching teachers and students from different universities and disciplines, it is found that the teaching environment in colleges and universities has changed significantly. Respondents generally believe that since 2020, there have been "uncertainties" in the higher education environment in China, and the teaching quality is at risk of decline, all pointing to a hot issue-"the difficulty of online courses":

On the one hand, teachers are struggling to adapt to the changes in media technology, and the time and energy for preparing lessons are prolonged, and the teaching effect is not significant; On the other hand, students are good at using the function of media technology and find many "process loopholes", which makes it more and more obvious to avoid class.

The emergence of this phenomenon is obviously different from the "online class substitution theory" generally considered by the society.^[1]That is, there is cognitive asymmetry among observers, managers, participants and practitioners. Around this problem, the author conducted a two-year field survey, and through in-depth participatory observation and interviews, from the dual dimensions of objective reflection and subjective experience, explored the "hidden problems" of online teaching and learning under the background of deep media. Based on this, this paper reflects on the potential defects of college students’ online learning and provides solutions from the practical level.

"it(online class)Like mobile games, it is easy for students to transfer from offline teaching space to online.But how difficult it is to’ ask them’ to return to the tropic of cancer and reach the original offline state of attending classes."(teacher ZYJ).

This view has almost become the consensus of college teachers in recent years, and it is often discussed in anger. Guo Jianbin and other communication scholars put forward that "online classes have become audio-visual education.(learning)A contemporary form of "^[2]Modern science and technology have infiltrated people’s daily life, formed the basic elements of people’s daily life and transformed daily life from the inside.^[3].

From a certain point of view, online classes have challenged the educational methods handed down for thousands of years in the era of Confucius and Plato, and have been widely recognized. The reason is directly related to the barrier problem of "time-space communication" that needs to be solved urgently in public health emergencies. However, when the pain dissipates, its "side effects" gradually begin to appear."Online classes are a dose of’ painkillers’, and it can’t completely replace offline classes after all."(teacher HH).

"Although I have graduated, I feel that I really haven’t learned anything in these two years of online classes."(student WD). Judging from the current macro trend of higher education teaching, although online classes have some disadvantages, online classes still become an important part of daily teaching methods and become the "sword of Damocles" in the daily practice of higher education.

In 2020, the Ministry of Education emphasized that "suspension of classes and non-stop learning" is not a simple online class "^[4]. In 2022, "Several Opinions of the Ministry of Education and Other Five Departments on Strengthening the Teaching Management of Online Open Courses in Colleges and Universities" clearly put forward detailed opinions on strengthening the teaching management of online open courses used by colleges and universities to identify credits, among which special reference was made to irregular learning behaviors such as "brushing classes", "substituting classes" and "brushing exams".^[5].

As early as 2013, online courses represented by massive open online course rose in China.Before 2020, it has always been used as an "auxiliary method" to improve the quality of teaching, and offline teaching has always occupied the mainstream.When the frequency of online classes is increasing, a very basic question is placed in front of us: what is the significance of universities as "physical spaces" for students? What’s the difference between full-time and part-time jobs? Is online class really a suitable teaching method for universities?

These questions come together to form the "dilemma of online courses" that higher education workers and college students have been discussing hotly in recent years, and they are all tied together on the "wheel of Vransky"-"accelerated driving system"(corresponding to the technical platform on which online courses rely)Not only does the function occur externally,It also enters the individual, and he(Teachers and students in online classes)Will be driven by the idea that they might miss something.The result is the feeling of being tied to a wheel that turns faster and faster. "^[6].

The fundamental reason behind "the difficulty of online classes" is that the public ignores the life dimension of media technology and human subjectivity. "The audience is actually an actor embedded in the context of daily life.（actor）, regardless of information acceptance or interpretation behavior is carried out in daily life practice "^[7]. This urgently requires us to reflect deeply.In addition to providing convenience for college students, what else does online class bring?

Second, the research design

This study mainly uses the method of participatory observation and in-depth interview to conduct field research. From March 2021 to March 2023, on the one hand, the author gained the subjective experience of "online class" through five online courses and 40 online listening and evaluating classes, and sorted out the "intuitive problems" found during "online class"; On the other hand, around the topic of "how to treat online classes", 63 teachers and students in colleges and universities were interviewed one after another, and on the basis of confirming the objective existence of the above-mentioned "intuitive problems", the individual causes and solutions were explored.

In addition, the prerequisite for becoming the interviewee of this study must be the use of.(class or lecture)The "online class" time is not less than one semester. The basic information of 5 courses and 63 interviewees is shown in Table 1.

In addition to the online participation in course observation, all interviews are conducted in a "face-to-face" and semi-structured way. The interview scenes include daily communication, after-class interaction, teaching meetings, supervision and inspection, student discussions, inter-school exchanges and targeted interviews.

Through the experience of "online class" and course experience told by 63 college teachers and students, this paper tries to find the crux of "online class difficulty", and looks for ways and methods to solve "online class difficulty" from the multiple dimensions of interviewer’s individual psychological motivation, behavioral feedback, after-class feeling and habit formation. The naming method of interviewees refers to academic practice and is marked with "identity+initials", such as student DXY, teacher HH and supervisor CGS.

Third, the change of habit: the alienated learning style under the logic of technology

Media technology has completely realized Marx’s "good wish" of "destroying space with time" more than 100 years ago, but "fetishism is actually linked with" symbol-thing ",which has been evacuated from its substance and history and reduced to a symbol of difference and a microcosm of the whole difference system"^[8]People are obviously ignored and alienated for years.

For college students, the manifestations of alienation are reflected in many aspects of learning style, such as:Material media such as mobile phones and tablets have become necessary stationery. Punching in and receiving words have become the core indicators of listening carefully, and the sense of ritual in the classroom as a public space no longer exists …For college students, this learning style is an instantaneous passive requirement, and it is also a continuous subtle influence. With the passage of time, a stable teaching habit has naturally formed, and the alienated learning style has also become a habit.

1. Internet and its hardware equipment as "necessary stationery"

Online classes are a socialization process, which is an important part of Elias’ explanation that "life is a’ networking phenomenon’".^[9]. Then, from the perspective of functionalism, "social values can be passed on to the youngest members of society without any problem, and these members will then reproduce them."^[10]. In the scene of online classes in colleges and universities, the socialization process is media, and its social value is the convenience of learning brought by the materiality and availability of media. Obviously, mobile phones, computers and Wi-Fi have become "necessary stationery" for college classes.

“Mediating learning style is the trend of the times,Others have been mediated, and I have no reason not to be mediated. I can get my degree certificate, and I don’t care if media will affect my knowledge acquisition. "(student DXY).

Through various channels, the author found the "online teaching notices" issued by 11 universities in various periods.When the educational administration issues the online teaching notice, it does not give too much consideration to the students’ equipment conditions, and often acquiesces that students can meet the basic material foundation of online classes.Regard related equipment as an "existing" and "necessary stationery". The academic affairs departments of each school will focus on maintaining technical communication with several mainstream online class platforms to meet the adaptability of students’ different "stationery" in order to achieve everyone’s "online class" as much as possible.

What’s important is that in terms of course effect tracking,Most educational evaluation departments do not consider the problem that students’ teaching feedback is "difficult to judge intuitively".Obviously, both students and educational administration departments have failed to clarify the logical relationship among "going to class", "going to class" and "having a good class", and they only focus on the "technical service" of online classes, ignoring the question of whether online classes are sustainable.

At the same time,This kind of "technical service" also brings great challenges to the "auxiliary management" within the family.In the communication with some college counselors and teaching secretaries, it is known that some students’ parents are often "very concerned" about the compensation for the differences in hardware equipment between students, and even think that "if the online class equipment is worse than others, the children will lose at the’ starting line’ of the university"(counselor LBW)The formation of these ideas has brought a certain economic burden to the students’ families.

First, the economic conditions of students’ families are quite different, not all students.(especially freshmen)They all have the infrastructure needed for online classes, and students in remote areas need to meet their teaching needs by borrowing computers, surfing Wi-Fi and meeting Internet cafes. Second, students buy electronic products with "bootleg goods", and buy new, higher-equipped and more functional electronic products on the grounds of online classes, so as to meet the needs of future behaviors other than learning, such as comparison, drama chasing, games and live broadcast.

Students’ "wandering" maintains a "delicate balance relationship" between schools and parents, bridging the information gap between parents and schools, so as to achieve the purpose of students’ individual behaviors such as updating electronic products. It can be seen that the main power of "auxiliary management" within the family is gradually transferred to students, and it is becoming more and more difficult for both home and school to guide students’ behavior, consciousness and concept.

2. "On-line, punching in and receiving" have become the three major KPIs for students’ assessment.

"Roll call" is a necessary part of curriculum education, and its premise is the "presence" of the educated "body", which proves that the educated and the lecturer are in the same time and space at this moment through question and answer. In the context of online classes, "punching in" instead of "roll call" becomes a substitute index of learning participation, which is the "implosion" point of the course teaching structure.^[11], opened a new wave of "simulacra order"^[12]Among them, "online" as status and "received" as feedback become the main ways to maintain this order.

Starting from the concern of Baudrillard’s simulacra theory, the relationship between the virtual and the real in the online class environment has become blurred, and the most intuitive performance is obviously inIts "spatial attribute" has been greatly weakened.. Among them, the "space" is redefined, and the live broadcast software in hardware equipment provides students with a "virtual presence" of "digital flesh", which is indirectly displayed by the names or images in the live broadcast software "member list", forming an individual self-enclosed "subspace", while only the "member master list" composed of all the students attending the class and the instructor can form a complete "space" in the true sense.

Then, when "online, punching in and receiving" become the three KPI’s of students’ assessment, can the "presence" in the form of button symbols in "subspace" accurately reflect students’ listening state and classroom order? Obviously, this question needs a big question mark.

"Early eight.(Course at 8: 00 am)Many people will choose’ hang up’.Now who doesn’t answer a’ to’ in the QQ group and continue to sleep back? "(student SY)

On the one hand, for college students who have not developed fixed and good study habits, the assessment method of "on-line, punching in and receiving" has fetal defects, which can not cover the loophole of "sub-space" established by them to help them "be present in disguise" and give them the opportunity to sleep late or even skip classes.

On the other hand, through investigation,Most teachers are not aware of this problem,They even think that the symbol "received" in the platform can replace the actual "interaction" as a unified way to feedback the learning effect, and "online" can also replace "present" as a universal criterion. Even some teaching supervisors, educational directors and dean of teaching often pay special attention to the proportion of "online", the record of "punching in" and the frequency of "interaction".

In the long run, this form of "effect evaluation" has become one of the indicators to assess the quality of teaching, which has become a "punching task" for college students; For teachers, it seems that whether students have learned knowledge is no longer so important.

In view of the above problems, the online class platform has also blocked relevant loopholes at the technical level to prevent the occurrence of "disguised presence". howeverThe technical "patch" of the online course platform seems to never defeat the lazy "magic" output by college students in the "subspace".

"Many learning platforms.(e.g. learning skills, etc.)Later, there was a real-time punching function, and even you could accurately locate your geographical coordinates, frame the punching time and online time. No matter how precise the technology is, it’s useless. I can ask my brother to sign up for my account. My brother listens to me, so I don’t have to get up early at all. "(student LXY).

From the student’s point of view, the problem of "alienation" brought by media technology is not only as simple as "pretending to be present", but also provides convenience for students to implement "policies above and countermeasures below" in operation. As can be seen from this,The technical patch of the online class platform actually further intensifies the conflict between two different roles in the classroom.

Through interviews, it is not difficult to find that, fundamentally speaking, the "space" in college students’ cognition is not the same concept as the space that teachers think: for teachers, "space is the classroom, and students must be physically present".(teacher JH); For college students, "school"(space)In my heart, it is not just a classroom, it is a space for public life, not just learning. "(student HYY). As a result, when teachers constantly use "online, punching in and receiving" to restrain college students’ bodies, they are actually drifting away from Marx’s beautiful wish of "destroying space with time".

3. Pay attention to the concept of transmission of education and ignore the concept of ritual of communication.

The two habits of emphasizing materiality as "necessary stationery" and virtuality as "punching KPI" have gradually been accepted by all contemporary university teachers and students. However, from the root point of view, this alienated learning style is actually related to the change of educational values.

The interaction among materiality, virtuality and values forms a logical closed loop of the change of college students’ study habits, showing a spiral upward trend, which further consolidates the dependence of college students on online courses. Among them, the change of educational values is mainly reflected in the fact that the subject of education regards online teaching only as a kind of knowledge "transmission" rather than a kind of "ceremony".

Combined with the viewpoint of American communication scholar james w. carey on communication concept,Online classes should spread not only the "concept of transmission" as real knowledge, but also the "concept of ceremony" as educational environment.^[13]. Therefore, from the perspective of sociology of education, we have to pay attention to a thorny issue, that is, the "controversial root point" of online courses is not in the teaching process, but that the difference between "linear model and field model" is ignored in teaching concepts.^[14].

In the field of educational communication, media and ceremony can be understood as three relationships: the ceremony of class, the way of class ceremony itself being ritualized, and the scene that "the media may become a ceremony or a collective ceremony itself"^[15].

At present, the so-called ritual view of online classes is a kind of "media’s own ritual" proposed by Kurdley.^[16],This shift of ritual field has gradually moved away from the true concept of educational ritual and lost the pure pursuit of knowledge dissemination.Specific in the classroom, will focus on alienation into three forms:

First,The relationship between teachers and students becomes single,It is easy for college students to form the wrong cognition that they have a "knowledge employment relationship" with their teachers. Some students said, "The teacher at the other end of the screen is like an AI, giving people the illusion that they are listening to the paid broadcast of knowledge."(student ZNN).

Second,Instantaneous, frequent and intense teacher-student interaction in the classroom becomes rare.For example, "I have questions about what the teacher said in class. Because the system has set up a ban on all staff, I can only leave messages in the message area, but many teachers don’t have the habit of taking care of the message area, so they can’t get feedback in time."(student YC).

Third, the group relationship between students in each course is in a weak connection state.The emotional connection between them is weaker than offline.For example: "After taking public elective courses, we still don’t know each other, and we can’t recognize our classmates when we see them offline."(student KYQ).

Then, for students, Golding’s so-called "the ceremony of attending classes and the way of attending classes are ritualized" cannot be perceived. It was too late when some educators found that "the ceremony of media itself" and "the ceremony of teacher-student construction" were obviously separated, which not only indirectly explained why students proposed that "it is better to go directly to the knowledge-paying website for online classes".(student ZNN)Question, also found it.Conceptual factors leading to the decline of online teaching quality.

Fourth, the consequences of alienation: the reverse suspension of students’ learning power

Compared with the past, the relationship between college students and teaching teachers, thesis tutors and teaching assistants has not become closer because of the development of media technology. On the contrary,The relationship between teachers and students is more alienated.

As Raymond Henry Williams said, the essence of this relationship alienated by the media is "alienation", which means alienation and alienation, and it is manifested as "widely feeling that people are alienated from society"^[17]. We need to treat this phenomenon as a "brand-new relationship". "Alienation is a relationship that lacks relationship … According to this view, alienation is not completely irrelevant, but it is a relationship in itself, but it is a flawed relationship."^[18].

Therefore, the final result of learning alienation has gradually evolved into an "inversion" of teachers’ and students’ power, showing a suspended state, which is reflected in four aspects: first, technical empowerment has laid a material foundation for the alienation of teachers’ and students’ relationship; second, bad study habits have provided environmental soil for the breeding of lying consciousness; third, the deviation of online course evaluation standards has further contributed to the formalism of collusion between teachers and students; and fourth, the misplaced student-oriented concept has provided an excuse for the lack of curriculum management.

1. Technology empowerment makes it possible to alienate the relationship between teachers and students.

"Teacher-student relationship affects students’ classroom participation, academic performance and learning motivation"^[19]It is also the premise of giving full play to the value of teaching and educating people.^[20]. However, during the investigation, the author found that almost all the respondents mentioned a common point: "We are tired of using mobile phones now.And the teacher(student)The relationship is also very similar to the’ zombie friends’ in WeChat."(Teachers JCS, QSQ, LX; Students YR, ZYL, CQ, etc.).

This "abnormal" way of communication has laid a hidden danger for the maintenance of the relationship between teachers and students in the future. From the perspective of college students’ media use and their psychology, college students can fully feel it in their daily study."social media burnout"I don’t have much energy to keep effective communication with every teacher.

According to the author’s investigation, college students need to take 8.88 courses and take 19.8 credits each semester on average. Different courses have different QQ groups and WeChat groups, and different courses may also use different online course software. There are group assignments in each class, and it is necessary to form a "group group" when flipping the classroom. College students are tired of "building a group", "finding a group", "joining a group" and "grouping".whatIt is the phenomenon of "one class and many groups" and "one thing and one group" that occurs frequently.

Although media convenience gives college students full autonomy in class, they can decide whether to learn, with whom and how to learn, but "insufficient flow, insufficient electricity, insufficient screen and insufficient memory" constitute the new "four major problems" in the online class era, which has become the main reason for the current college students’ distraction.

When reflecting the above-mentioned situation of students’ scattered energy to many teachers, almost all the teachers interviewed were secretive about this phenomenon. They unanimously said: "I don’t have enough energy, and the situation is related to the electronic and trace teaching process, and I don’t have that much strength to solve this problem again. Perhaps the ability is not enough, and of course’ energy’ is not enough. "(Teachers LY, WHF, FQ, etc.).

From the perspective of media motivation and behavior, college teachers are eager to carry out "teaching reform" through the online class platform, trying to give students sufficient power in the teaching process.Its purpose is not for teaching effect, but to highlight "trace characteristics".This indirectly establishes the conditions for the alienation of students’ learning style and the alienation of teacher-student relationship.

The root cause of this phenomenon lies in the fact that the evaluation standard of teaching begins to focus on the construction of online platform courses, including the collation and evaluation of daily teaching ledgers, such as the list of course names, the filing of classroom assignments, the flipping of classroom videos, and the records of group discussions. These assessment indicators have prompted the teachers to constantly increase the "daily records" of the course through various technical methods in the online course platform, while the opportunities for "direct communication" between students and the teachers are gradually squeezed when students continue to complete various records.

"I don’t know why I do so much homework, and I don’t have time to think about why. I really feel that there is nothing substantial to improve our profession. However, do what the teacher says, and it is important to complete the task. "(student HYY).

In this cycle, the relationship between college students and teaching teachersFrom an intimate teacher-student relationship to a blunt "task relationship",Students’ learning styles are getting farther and farther on the road of alienation, and the actual effect of online courses is even more imaginable.

2. The idealized "lying flat" has become a popular study habit.

In general,In the network environment, people’s attention is in a state of suspension of concentration and dispersion.^[21]In fact, this state is not conducive to students learning knowledge. Previous studies have shown that "in social relations, it is a kind of confrontational leveling to pursue low social interaction in reality and relative activity on the internet"^[22]. When attention suspension and lying parallel are related, the media provides full convenience for college students to promote the "lying-down learning habit".

On the one hand, college students are infiltrated by the culture of lying flat, and subconsciously long for the comfort brought by lying flat; On the other hand, the online class platform provides a "convenient environment" for college students to lie flat, which has been influenced for a long time.It is difficult for students to return to the "real teaching environment".

"I forgot what the classroom looks like. Now Teacher J often draws me up to answer questions. I’m actually bored. I have already formed the habit of watching NBA live broadcast while opening the double screen in the morning class, and I can organize a group to watch the game in the dormitory. "(student GY).

"Because I like to be in a daze, I really enjoy online classes. I stare at the screen for a long time and the teacher can’t find it at all."(student HYY).

The above problems and phenomena have already become a kind of "daily life" among college students, and spread among college students like a plague.This further strengthens the college students’ perception of "powerlessness, meaninglessness and self-alienation" in campus life.^[23].

In addition, some young teachers also have a "lying-flat mentality" towards online classes, which is easily discovered by students, thus indirectly weakening the enthusiasm of college students for online classes and promoting the continuous consolidation of their lying-flat habits. For example:

"Young teachers have a very strict KPI for evaluating professional titles and talent assessment. The micro-course competition is a shortcut, so it is not so voluminous. It is difficult to highlight the level of practical teaching. Young teachers can get a teaching award with a little effort in micro-courses, and the assessment will be passed. In addition, online classes are also convenient to be lazy, for example, it is difficult for students to find out if they don’t open the screen to read the manuscript; Sometimes you can record it yourself and send the video to the class group. I don’t need to care if the students watch it or not. "(Young teacher HX).

It can be seen that under the atmosphere of "you lie flat, he lies flat and everyone lies flat", the teaching quality of online courses can be imagined. However, lying flat is a "bad habit" that broke out in the online class era, but it is difficult for students, teachers and teaching supervisors as participants to detect each other, which further breeds "learning deception", "teaching deception" and "assessment deception".

The key to the problem lies in the fact that the teaching ledger can’t directly display the teaching effect under the technical empowerment, and the harm caused by lying flat is unknown to the "players" who are deeply involved in it and can’t be supervised. In the long run,Teachers’ lying flat and the defects of supervision further aggravate the "trend" of students’ lying flat.It is becoming more and more difficult to guide students to return to the road of "studying hard".

3. "Strive for strength" is not as good as "fooling around" to become a group consensus.

Under the dual influence of the alienation between teachers and students and the principle of lying flat, more and more college students realize that teachers’ evaluation criteria for students during online classes cannot be directly linked to the learning habit of "striving for strength". Offline, teachers can intuitively see who is sitting in the first row, who is taking notes and who is listening carefully. The realistic space can not only give motivated students the opportunity to show their learning attitude,It can also give students with poor self-control ability a sense of oppression in the environmental atmosphere and promote the formation of a benign teaching ecology in offline classrooms.

However, in the online class platform, students’ usual performance is difficult to observe and measure, and the learning atmosphere is more relaxed than that in the offline class. "Students like online classes, and the atmosphere is very relaxed. You can be at home, in the dormitory, and no one knows when you are lying down. Because we don’t show our faces, we girls can also avoid the time of makeup. It feels similar to offline classes, and online assignments can be found online, which makes it very easy to fool teachers. "(student XWW).

In the long run, the "bad mentality" inherent in a college student group will become more and more serious: students no longer pay attention to the performance in the usual classroom,And put almost all the focus on the final surprise review preparation,It has become the consensus of some college students that "striving for strength" is not as good as "fooling around".

After a long period of classroom investigation and course experiment, it is found that some students and teachers have gradually formed an organic "fishing group", and the two tacitly maintain the existing online teaching relationship, which is embodied in a subtle "collusion": as long as teachers do not fail students, students do not give teachers low marks in teaching evaluation, and the relationship between them can last and be stable for a long time. For the above purposes, teachers also make full use of the convenience of online course resources, reducing the input of lesson preparation energy.Transfer the right to "control quality" to students.

"A teacher’s classroom work is actually copied from others, and it is easy to find it online. We like this kind of learning to’ not embarrass’ our teacher."(student ZYF).

"Teacher S of Zhejiang University has a set of mature classroom assignments, so it’s no trouble to lead them in, otherwise I will spend a lot of time setting various topics."(teacher ZSJ).

Although this problem will also occur when teaching offline, due to the fact that many teachers constantly enrich the resource library of online class platform in the online class era, it becomes easier and more common to copy courseware, and the problem of "fooling and crossing jobs" at the teaching end becomes more and more serious. When the syllabus, teaching plan and courseware all come from the same channel, the characteristics, adaptability and richness of the course will be greatly reduced, and the enthusiasm of students will also be greatly affected. Under the subtle "collusion" relationship, teachers and students are well aware that "online classes are just a fool’s job", but no one comes to the point. For college students, the feeling of attending classes is just like what they say:"I feel that I went to a TV university."(Students ZYQ, CC, etc.).

4. Students’ selfish departmentalism is constantly misinterpreted.

With the continuous deepening of higher education reform and the continuous expansion of teachers in colleges and universities, the concept of teacher education can not keep up with the pace of reform in time, and teachers’ understanding of student-oriented is lagging behind and biased. On this basis, the concept of hysteresis has affected its teaching practice and gradually penetrated into students’ daily study and life.

Generally speaking, "the academic standard is transferred to the contemporary university practice of students’ subject development" is a generally recognized trend of higher education reform.^[24]That is, "to meet people’s needs as the starting point, to develop people’s personality and improve their quality in an all-round way, and to realize people’s all-round sustainable development as the destination"^[25]. Student-oriented should be carefully planned on the macro educational curriculum system.^[26]However, in the specific online teaching practice,Teachers often only serve, satisfy and cater to students’ needs in the way of education, which further consolidates the inversion of students’ power and the recognition of different chemical habits.

Through investigation, it is found that more and more college teachers’ cognitive deviation from student-oriented is more common, especially in the process of online classes. For example, lecture courses are often not fixed in time. In order to facilitate students, teachers arrange lectures at Tencent meetings, and the interactive atmosphere of students’ lectures is not enthusiastic compared with offline; For various reasons, graduating students forced their tutors to have online tutoring, but the tutors, because of their feelings, agreed to online tutoring even though they knew that the online tutoring was not effective.

"In recent years, many young doctors have been recruited by college teachers. They are inexperienced.Students tend to bargain only with young teachers.Many teachers have just changed from student status, and they are easy to empathize, so they began to reduce the frequency of roll call, reduce the amount of classroom work, and lower the examination standards. "(supervising CGS).

In the long run, students gradually lower their self-standards, from "masters" to "grandfathers", and the control of classroom power is almost out of control.

"The training program requires graduate students to attend more than 6 lectures in the hospital to get corresponding academic credits, but there are many lectures in the college every year. When the seventh session is held, there are not many students coming. Informing students to attend lectures is often very uncooperative, and they all say that they can attend six full lectures and don’t want to listen to one more. They think that the lectures are not attended by them, but the lecturers and teachers are embarrassed, and it is impossible for the college to give them credits. Some students even said,’ I’d like to see if Mr. C won’t give me credit or graduate because we won’t attend our later lectures.’ "(teachers CZW, LCF).

This shows that,Student-oriented doctrine has gradually evolved into a kind of "indulgence" at present.The daily teaching work composed of a series of elements, such as teacher-student relationship, teaching management and curriculum evaluation, has been subverted, and students’ attitude and enthusiasm towards learning has quickly faded. As a college teacher said: "The’ beautiful’ feeling of offline teaching can never be returned."(teacher ZYJ).

V. Discussion and Enlightenment: Ways and means to solve the "difficulty of online courses"

Although there are many students who actively seek learning communities and strictly maintain "good time management and self-monitoring ability" in the Internet age, the proportion of groups is not in the majority, and they have also had a crisis of trust in online learning methods.^[27]. Most people can feel that the development of media technology represented by online classes ignores the pursuit of college students’ life dimension and the observation of human subjectivity, and it is difficult to ensure the learning effect and quality of students. This is the crux of the current "online class dilemma" and an indisputable fact.

To solve the "difficulty of online courses", we need to solve it in the following three key dimensions: first, in policy, we should insist on taking teaching content as the foundation, methods as the core and technology as the supplement; Second, in concept, cultivate students’ pursuit of real life dimensions and open up the space-time cognition of campus life; Third, measures should be taken to correct students’ study habits and concepts and correctly integrate into university life.

1. Use media technology as a supplementary means to serve daily teaching.

To solve the problem of alienation of college students’ group learning, the most basic link lies in the further standardization of management dimension.Reverse "technology worship" at the level of educational administrators and teaching practitioners.The solution of this problem is the prerequisite to solve the "difficulty of online courses".

The survey found that many front-line teachers have long realized that the fundamental way to solve the problem of online courses must be through "management mechanism reform".But for ordinary front-line teachers, this "bottom-up" reform road is often full of thorns.

"As a teacher of journalism and communication, I know that the alienation brought by this media technology is subtle, and we are always on the alert for’ technical acculturation’. However, students and colleagues have been internalized, and teaching managers have also been internalized. Then there is nothing we can do. We must adapt to this set of standards and actively seek internalization. "(teacher ZSJ).

Obviously, the chain of acculturation is formed from top to bottom, that is, "educational administrators" influence "teaching practitioners" and then "educated people", and students as educated people have almost no right to "resist acculturation". Therefore, the first condition of "breaking the game" is to break the worship of online classes "from top to bottom" at the conceptual level. Take technology as a supplementary means of daily teaching, solve the "material problem" brought by electronic products as a necessary learning tool and the "virtual KPI puzzle" of "online, punching in and receiving" as an assessment standard, change "teaching from technology to" technology serving people ",and strengthen college students’ perception of daily life and integration with the real society.

In addition, taking technology as an auxiliary teaching method indirectly solves the problem that teachers spend too much energy on learning online course software, expanding online course functions and enriching online course resources, which is helpful to reshape teachers’ professional instinct of cultivating and pecking at course content. When teachers focus on the optimization and perfection of teaching content, and always insist on taking teaching content as the foundation and improving quality and efficiency in connotation construction, the learning style, learning consciousness and learning state of college students will change accordingly, and the teaching effect will return to the original state.

2. Strengthen students’ awareness and perception of the real space.

During the online class,College students’ perception of the real world is reduced,It is easy to form the illusion that "online classes are universities". Therefore, actively remolding college students’ "sense of reality" and "sense of space" has become the core and key to solve the "difficulty of online classes".

"Spatial alienation in the digital media era is mainly manifested in two aspects: First, remote presence not only damages the ability of digital media subjects to feel and understand real scenes, but also weakens people’s ability to empathize with space. Second, remote presence can neither completely replace face-to-face interpersonal communication, nor eliminate loneliness. "^[28].

This needs to guide the space consciousness of college students from two aspects. First, cognitively, highlight the consciousness of "classroom". It should be a three-dimensional "house", all the "people" and "things" associated with the curriculum.(including desks, platforms, blackboards, projections, and even air conditioners, monitors, clocks, etc.)Together is an inseparable organic unit in the classroom, and both are indispensable. At the same time, as an extended space connecting the dormitory and the classroom, such as canteens, lakes, grasslands, avenues, shuttle buses, bike-sharing, etc., which pass by after class, are also important components of the course content. As an intermediary between the course and the world, they construct the college students’ ability to perceive and empathize with the real space.

Second, in action,Cultivate the awareness of face-to-face communication between "students and students" and "students and teachers" in the course.In face-to-face communication, people can get a lot of interpersonal information by observing what a person says and does, so as to reduce uncertainty.^[29]Compared with CMC mode which relies on the media intermediary of online course platform, it greatly reduces the cost of communication. On the premise of online class as an auxiliary teaching tool, we should adopt the usual assignments such as group Presentation and online topic debate to stimulate communication and dialogue among students, so as to optimize the communication mode. Supplementary training in this way can gradually improve the classroom learning atmosphere, efficiency and effect of college students.

3. Reshape positive and healthy values and benign teacher-student relationship.

It is found that online classes not only increase the hardware cost of using technology and the energy consumption of making virtual accounts for college students, but also provide convenience for college students to lie flat and develop a foolish learning attitude. This further hinders the formation of college students’ positive and healthy values and the maintenance of a benign teacher-student relationship. The key link to solve the "difficulty of online courses" lies in solving these two problems.

Positive and healthy values and benign teacher-student relationship complement each other, and their interaction is the foundation for college students to build mature learning consciousness and cultivate good study habits.

On the one hand, the inversion of teachers’ and students’ power in the online class environment needs to be reversed, and the relationship between teachers and students in the university classroom should return to a two-way dialectical relationship: "This two-way dialectical relationship arises from teachers’ restrictions on students’ action boundaries and students’ resistance, and teachers restrict students’ action boundaries with institutional control."^[30]. By regaining the command of classroom discipline, teachers can completely solve the problems of students’ reluctance to open videos, using signal difference as an excuse, copying and pasting homework and so on.

On the other hand, make full use of internet technology as an auxiliary platform to provide sufficient guarantee for supplementary counseling, exercise communication and emotional exchange after class. In this context, technology is no longer an excuse to be lazy and a reason to let go of water, but a "technical supplement" to improve the quality of courses and educational methods, which is conducive to reshaping active and healthy learning concepts and providing full possibilities for the paradigm iteration of college students’ learning methods. The effective solution of the consciousness of lying flat, fooling and crossing jobs in the technical side, the teacher side and the student side can not only alleviate the alienation of the relationship between teachers and students, but also guide students’ learning concepts to return to the track of healthy competition.

More importantly, the positive and healthy values and the benign relationship between teachers and students have always been the "invisible soil" for China’s higher education. The "tree of college students" can grow in fertile soil, which is extremely important and precious for every college student who is full of expectations for the future.

references

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[2] Guo Jianbin, Gao Ruoyue. How many days is always a person facing the screen "lectures"-the communication interpretation of "doing nothing" behavior in online classes [J]. Journalist, 2023 (3): 71-81.

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This article comes from WeChat WeChat official account:ID：china-youth-study (ID: China-youth-study), Author: Cao Zhiwei (Lecturer, School of Journalism, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics)

　　Core tips

　　On June 12th, 2021 Chongqing Rural Revitalization and Cultural Tourism Industry Development Summit Forum was held in Chongqing International Expo Center. Experts from all over the country and practitioners of rural revitalization shared cutting-edge observation and practical experience. Among them, located in Guanzhong Plain, yuanjiacun, Liquan County, Shaanxi Province, which is known as the "super IP of rural tourism in China", is worth dissecting. In this forum, Zaijianwei, the leader of China Rural Revitalization yuanjiacun Research Group, brought a case study of yuanjiacun’s "Rural Life Complex Boosting Rural Revitalization".

　　Rural revitalization, Chongqing has great development potential. How to do a good job of rejuvenating the countryside and draw a magnificent picture of the countryside? In this issue of Weekly, we will take yuanjiacun as a case, interpret its key to success, analyze its development experience, and explore what enlightenment Chongqing rural revitalization can get from it.

　　Yuanjiacun’s Three Keys to Development

　　Yuanjiacun, Yanxia Town, Liquan County, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, is a small village with only 62 households and 286 people. It used to be a "rotten village" with "no oil for lighting, no cattle for farming, and no success in work", and almost no young people were seen.

　　There is a street in the east and west of the village, with two rows of houses in the north and south. There is neither the beauty of green mountains nor the style of the old town. Since 2007, yuanjiacun, with villagers as the main body and villages as the carrier, has devoted itself to urbanization, scenic spots and commercialization, fully restored Guanzhong folk customs and rebuilt rural life. Tourists experience rural life in all directions, from zero distance and from multiple angles, and truly realize the "integration of village and scenery", thus forming a unique super IP and well-known brand of rural tourism. The total number of tourists exceeds hundreds of millions, and the annual per capita of farmers purely exceeds 100,000 yuan. "yuanjiacun Model" provides vivid samples and examples for rural construction, development and revitalization in other places, and has become a rare phenomenon in rural areas of China in recent decades.

　　The first key—

　　Build a complex of rural life and show the original ecological lifestyle and traditional customs.

　　Yuanjiacun has successfully built a complex of rural life, which is one of the secrets of its success.

　　"Can you show and reflect the traditional customs of the countryside and the daily life of the villagers? This is an invisible but real-time resource among us. Yuanjiacun succeeded. We didn’t rely on natural resources or artificial resources, and we didn’t spend a lot of money to build a garden. Instead, we took the villagers as the main body to restore rural life. " Zhai Jianwei said that rural tourism in yuanjiacun includes villages and villages, but mainly farmers, so it can give different experiences to urban people. "You can’t move villagers out for tourism, which is a big discount on the tourism experience."

　　Yuanjiacun takes the traditional customs of the countryside and the daily life of the villagers as resources, and makes tourism out of nothing. The village is the scenic spot, and the home is the scenic spot. The village and the landscape are integrated, and the whole people participate. We will resolutely put an end to fancy sculptures and landscapes. The simple, sincere and lively faces of the villagers are the most unique resources.

　　It is worth mentioning that by implementing the strategy of "going into the city and going out of the province", yuanjiacun has implanted the rural lifestyle of yuanjiacun into the city, so that urban residents can experience rural life at their doorsteps. At the same time, through "going out", yuanjiacun has built a rural life complex project with local folk culture and historical characteristics. At present, more than 10 provinces and cities, including Shanxi, Henan, Beijing, Hubei, Qingdao and Jiangsu, are under construction.

　　The second key—

　　The third industry brings the second industry to promote the first industry, so that everyone can make money if they have business.

　　Zai Jianwei said that the second secret of yuanjiacun’s success lies in two local initiatives: first, it has engaged in an innovative model of rural tourism, integration of three industries; The second is to innovate the organizational model and let all villagers participate, thus putting an end to disorderly and vicious competition in the industry.

　　In addition, yuanjiacun has built a platform for farmers’ entrepreneurship, training villagers to become the main body of management and entrepreneurship, making them the bosses and shareholders, so that every family can have business and everyone can earn money. At the same time, market-oriented, reverse development, promote one production with three industries and two industries, and realize the integrated development of three industries.

　　For example, yuanjiacun has a historical tradition of making spicy seeds. Guo Zhanwu, secretary of the village party branch, restored the folk scene in this pass through creative design: under a dirt slope in Kangzhuang Old Street, yuanjiacun, an old ox, a stone millstone and a peasant woman splashed the ground chili pepper with boiled rapeseed oil, and the street was full of fragrance. This kind of experience is not only delicious food and beautiful scenery, but also memories and homesickness. Tourists buy while watching, and the products are in short supply.

　　The village then guided the villagers to build workshops to expand the production capacity of oil-pungent seeds and gradually industrialize them. Transforming an experience scene of tertiary industry into a processing project of secondary industry, a bottle of oily pepper, from the initial annual turnover of less than 100 thousand yuan, to the operating income of more than 8 million yuan in 2018.

　　The third key—

　　Give full play to the advantages of the village collective, so that the interests of all villagers are shared.

　　Yuanjiacun adjusts income distribution by means of joint-stock cooperation, avoids polarization, successfully solves the problem of increasing the income of all villagers, and fundamentally ensures the sustainable development and rural revitalization of yuanjiacun, which is also the third secret of the success of "yuanjiacun Model".

　　Take the pepper professional cooperative led by the village collective as an example. At first, a farmer in yuanjiacun used yellow cattle to grind peppers, which was very popular with tourists and promoted the sales of peppers. According to the past practice, when villagers see which industry is profitable, many industries will emerge overnight, which will lead to similar industries and homogeneous competition of products. However, in order to protect this industry, we should explore ways to build cooperatives through villagers’ shareholding, realize the healthy development of the industry and drive the villagers’ income. Today, through this model, the sales of pepper industry has exceeded 15 million yuan.

　　To put it simply, yuanjiacun’s success has solved three problems: first, how to get people to come; second, how to make money; and third, how to divide the money.

　　Learning from yuanjiacun, Chongqing can exert its strength in these aspects.

　　Dialogue guests > > >

　　Researcher, Chongqing Academy of Social Sciences, Ding Zhongbing

　　Director of Rural Industry Division, Agricultural and Rural Committee of Aifeng City

　　Wu Wencong, Party Secretary of Dashi Township, Dianjiang County

　　Secretary of the branch of Hejiayan Village, Huatian Township, Taotao Youyang

　　The development of rural industries should pay attention to exploring the multiple functions of agriculture and rural areas.

　　Chongqing Daily: yuanjiacun first sold a kind of homesickness, a way of life, and then developed a variety of industries. So how can we jump out of the industry to develop industries when developing rural industries?

　　Ding Zhongbing: The development of rural industries should pay attention to exploring the multiple functions of agriculture and rural areas. In China, the countryside is not only a production space for agricultural products, but also a living space full of homesickness and returning to nature. It is an activated display space for Chinese traditional excellent culture and a long-standing farming civilization, and an ecological space for people to live in harmony with nature. Especially in the background of increasing urban population and people’s income level, the functions of production, life, ecology and culture in agriculture and rural areas increasingly show their scarcity of resources and unique value.

　　At the same time, although many mountainous villages in Chongqing do not have comparative advantages in grain production and bulk agricultural products production, their natural ecological environment is generally good, their folk customs are simple, and their traditional production and life forms are well preserved. We can learn from the experience of industrial development in yuanjiacun, Shaanxi Province, and strive to build a rural life complex to attract people from the city to experience life in the countryside, so as to build rural tourism into a leading industry and leading industry for the revitalization of rural industries.

　　Ai Feng: Chongqing also has a similar local rural industry of "integration of three industries". For example, Fuling mustard tuber, Jiangjin pepper, Tongnan lemon, etc., all of which have a good industrial base, have developed a whole industrial chain from seedling raising to planting, processing, cold storage, sales and transportation, and integration of agriculture and tourism. The biggest common point in the cultivation and development of these industries is to jump out of the industry itself to develop.

　　Compared with industrial development, in fact, we should learn from yuanjiacun’s ability to develop, cultivate and make a name for itself through village collective stock cooperation. Combined with the actual situation, Chongqing put forward the idea of building industrial clusters in different levels for the development of rural industries. Based on the extension of industrial chain and the expansion of industrial functions, a number of rural advantageous industrial clusters with hundreds of millions of towns and villages, tens of billions of districts and counties, and hundreds of billions of modern mountainous high-efficiency agriculture were built. At the same time, according to different business entities, we should create corresponding industrial alliances and industrial consortia to solve various problems in the development of the whole industrial chain of rural industries, and then promote the high-quality and efficient development of rural industries.

　　Wu Wencong: Dashi Township and yuanjiacun have similar historical and folk cultural resources. We can learn from yuanjiacun’s practice of showing local people’s original ecological life and traditional customs to develop rural tourism. As a national intangible cultural heritage, Dashi bamboo weaving has been included in the rural revitalization plan. Dashi Township has a historical tradition of bamboo weaving, and some villagers still have the skills of weaving Dashi bamboo weaving. We can learn from yuanjiacun to show the living conditions of these people to tourists, and at the same time, we will force the scale and industrialization of the secondary production of Dashi bamboo weaving through tertiary tourism. In addition, with the help of the planning of agricultural cultural tourism, Dashi bamboo weaving will "go out" and become a national-renowned cultural tourism product.

　　Tao Tao: Hejiayan Village has become a well-known "online celebrity Village" with terraced fields and Gong Mi. We must also learn from yuanjiacun how to create unique homesickness symbols, such as how to attract tourists to spend deeply with the original ecological Tujia diaojiao building and original traditional farming culture.

　　The development of rural industries needs to be transformed and upgraded from product economy to experience economy.

　　Chongqing Daily: In the process of development, yuanjiacun’s industry has undergone transformation and upgrading. What enlightenment does this have for the development of rural industries in Chongqing?

　　Ding Zhongbing: The development of rural industries should strive to realize the transformation and upgrading from product economy to experience economy. Experience economy is an economic type that relies on service and makes consumers leave a deep impression or rich feelings on something or phenomenon through feeling and memory.

　　At the same time, in the process of developing rural tourism, yuanjiacun does not simply provide tourists with sightseeing products, agricultural special products and tourist souvenirs, but focuses on providing rural life experience, farming experience and holiday and leisure experience for urban people, leaving a good feeling for people to go and want to go, thus realizing the sustainable development of rural tourism. Many villages in Chongqing can learn from yuanjiacun’s industrial development experience, vigorously develop in-depth experience-based rural tourism, expand the profit space, and enhance the ability of sustainable development.

　　Tao Tao: At present, with the help of the municipal rural revitalization and assistance team, Hejiayan Village has realized the integrated development of agriculture, literature and tourism with the resources of terraced fields, traditional farming culture and ancient villages, and has transferred more than 50 sets of idle farmhouses through the village collective to build rural villagers’ houses. At the same time, through land transfer, the village collectively built 10,000 mu of terraced fields, which promoted the villagers to increase their income through multiple channels while expanding their industries.

　　The village also signed an agreement with Youyang Tourism Investment Company on the overall development and construction of Hejiayan rural tourism, preparing to build a camping base and a landscape glass plank road to create a boutique rural tourism product. At the same time, the Huatian terraced fields and the Cangpugai prairie backed by them will be bundled and planned to build a demonstration zone for leisure and cool. We will also build a 26-kilometer-long rural tourism loop, where tourists can not only taste the Gong Mi and local honey, but also visit the alpine grassland, enjoy the scenery and enjoy the cool, and have a leisure holiday.