In 2021ChinaJoy China International Digital Interactive Entertainment Exhibition, many sports-themed mobile games, online games and e-sports competitions appeared. Photo by Chen Yuyu/Bright Picture

　　At the 2021 China International Intelligent Industry Expo, the audience experienced the mecha fighting game. Xinhua news agency

Source: iResearch Cartography: Lu Yuanzhen

In the League of Legends Global Finals in 2021, China Club reversed its championship and achieved a Grand Slam. Bright pictures/vision china

　　EDG team won the championship and eight games were selected as the official project of Hangzhou Asian Games … … Recently, the news of the e-sports circle has been constantly brushing social networks, so that the once niche e-sports has entered more people’s horizons. From the prejudice of "doing nothing" to winning the honor on the international stage, China e-sports has grown hard all the way. The huge audience, the supportive policies introduced one after another, and the continuous expansion of the industrial culture in the border have made the e-sports industry an emerging industry with great potential. At the same time, how to face the problems of scarce professional talents, low social recognition and immature organization and management system is still the key to the long-term sustainable development of the e-sports industry in the future.

　　"Breaking the circle" attack: the user scale has soared and e-sports has been popular.

　　On November 5th, the Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee announced that eight events, including League of Legends, the glory of the king and Peace Elite, had been selected as the official events of the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games. Prior to this, e-sports projects have always appeared on the stage of the Asian Games as performance projects. On November 7th, the EDG team defeated the DK team of South Korea to win the 2021 League of Legends Global Finals, and the major social networks were screened. In Sina Weibo, the topic of winning the EDG championship released by CCTV news was read about 3.8 billion.

　　E-sports "fire out of the circle", all kinds of events and industry news continue to appear in the public eye, so that the mainstream society gradually understands and begins to re-examine this new industry that young people enthusiastically pursue.

　　In recent years, the rise of mobile games, live broadcasts and short videos have made e-sports games have a huge user base. Since 2020, affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, people’s online entertainment time has increased significantly, and the number of users of e-sports games has expanded rapidly. In October this year, the League of Legends mobile game quickly reached the top of the download list as soon as it was put on the shelves, with a flow of over 1.1 billion yuan in the first month. According to the Research Report on E-sports Industry in China in 2021, the growth rate of mobile e-sports game market will reach 36.8% in 2020, and the growth rate of e-sports eco-market will reach 45.2%.

　　A large number of amateur players have evolved into e-sports users whose core demand is to watch e-sports competitions. The data shows that the number of e-sports users in China has reached nearly 500 million, an increase of 350% compared with 2015.

　　The online viewing volume of major events confirms the popularity of e-sports. According to data disclosed by Tencent, during the 2021 League of Legends Global Finals (S11), the number of viewers per minute exceeded 30 million, and the number of simultaneous viewers peaked at about 73.86 million. The number of videos related to the S11 event on Huya Platform exceeded 400 million, and the number of views on related topics in S11 reached 310 million. Bilibili’s highest popularity peak during the event reached nearly 500 million; As of November 6th, the number of related videos submitted by League of Legends in bilibili exceeded 300,000, with a year-on-year increase of over 100%, and the total number of related videos played exceeded 2.5 billion, with a year-on-year increase of over 40%.

　　Although China’s e-sports started relatively late, the influence generated by the huge audience has become the basis for its rapid development. "The huge user scale of the e-sports market in China has driven e-sports to break through the original boundaries and make a transition from community culture to popular culture." Wang Xiaohui, Dean of the 5G Intelligent Media Communication and Industry Research Institute of China Communication University, pointed out that with the continuous overweight of the industry and the improvement of public recognition, China has grown into the largest single market of the global e-sports industry, with the core audience of e-sports and the revenue of e-sports events ranking first in the world and standing at the forefront of the development of the global e-sports industry.

　　From the birth of the first batch of e-sports clubs in China at the beginning of this century, to the establishment of the China E-sports Club Alliance in 2011, and then to winning gold and silver in major international competitions, e-sports in China has always been developing in difficult exploration. Today, it has gradually formed a relatively perfect club management system, and the e-sports industry has gradually become standardized. In April 2019, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security released 13 new occupations, including e-sports operators and e-sports players; In February this year, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security promulgated the national vocational skills standards for e-athletes for the first time. This indicates that the identity of practitioners in the e-sports industry has gained social recognition.

　　Under the background of relevant policies, more and more people begin to look at the e-sports industry positively. E-sports is no longer synonymous with "Internet addiction teenagers", but as a formal project, it has embarked on the road of professionalization and industrialization, becoming an emerging cultural symbol that has influenced a generation.

　　Blue Ocean of Industry: E-sports opens the era of multi-integration development

　　The S11 season has just ended, and the League of Legends derivative animation "Battle of Two Cities" was officially launched, which quickly became an "explosion". In just one month, the cumulative broadcast volume of Tencent video exceeded 300 million, and it got high scores of Douban score of 9.2 and IMDb score of 9.4. Not long ago, the glory of the king also officially announced a series of IP plans including movies, animated operas and musicals. Popular e-sports projects have begun to expand industrial boundaries, tap the content and cultural value of game IP, and integrate into the "pan-entertainment" ecology.

　　Driven by the fiery fan economy and various policies, the e-sports industry has entered the fast lane of rapid development and the industrial structure has been upgraded in an orderly manner. From the authorization of game research and development in the upstream, the organization and implementation of events in the midstream, to the production and dissemination of content in the downstream, a complete industrial chain similar to traditional competitive sports has gradually formed. The influence of head-mounted e-sports games and events has accelerated its commercialization process, activated many markets such as game planning, data technology, equipment support and venue operation, and spawned derivative formats such as live game, e-sports sparring and e-sports commentary. According to the data of iResearch, in 2020, the overall market size of the e-sports industry will be nearly 150 billion yuan. In 2021, the live game market in the e-sports ecological market will exceed 24 billion yuan, the e-sports sparring market will exceed 14 billion yuan, and the e-sports events, clubs and related markets will exceed 12 billion yuan.

　　Under the expanding market demand, in recent years, major companies have begun to make in-depth layout in the field of e-sports — — Suning established the SNG team in 2016; JD.COM acquired QG in 2017 and reorganized into JDG team; In October 2018, e-sports was formally established as a subsidiary of bilibili, and BLG Club and Hangzhou Lightning Team were successively established; In 2020, Weibo and Aauto Quicker acquired TS Team and YTG Team respectively. Internet companies not only enter the market through the formation and acquisition of teams, but also combine the advantages of their own content media to train e-sports anchors and commentators, and develop diversified businesses such as event production and artist brokerage.

　　At the same time, by holding city competitions and other means, urban culture and e-sports intersect, and the road of combining e-sports with cultural tourism is explored. E-sports has gradually become a new symbol of urban culture, driving regional tourism and commercial development. E-sports industrial park, cultural and creative products, theme parks, theme hotels, life museums and exhibition halls … … The birth of a variety of peripheral products and consumption scenarios has stimulated the potential of diversified integration and development.

　　Wang Xiaohui said that it is foreseeable that in the next few years, e-sports +5G and e-sports +VR are all popular development directions. In the new digital scene, e-sports is undoubtedly an important part of the new form of digital sports. This trend will deepen with the development of information technology, bringing development potential to all aspects of the sports industry. E-sports and digital scenes are fully integrated, releasing more opportunities.

　　In addition, with the help of e-sports and traditional culture, it is also very promising to realize cultural communication and culture going out to sea. In May this year, the "Wenbo E-sports Star Promotion Officer" program jointly sponsored by Chengdu Jinsha Site Museum, Chengdu Xinfeixiang Technology Group and E-sports Team became a typical cross-border integration of "E-sports+Wenbo", and realized the ecological linkage in the field of digital cultural and creative industries through the design and development of "E-sports+Wenbo" IP derivatives.

　　From "game" to "competition", from "competition" to "industry", the e-sports industry has gradually bid farewell to the rebellious era, stepped into the right track step by step, and grown into an important driving force for the development of the new economy.

　　E-sports education: the gap of professional talents is still huge

　　At the end of S11 season, the translator in the interview with EDG after winning the championship was "on fire", and the fluent trilingual switch among China, Japan and South Korea surprised the audience all over the world. This young lady is Cheyenne, the official English host of League of Legends Professional League, who graduated from the philosophy department of Hong Kong University. She said that since she submitted her resume to the League of Legends professional league in 2019, she has formed an indissoluble bond with e-sports. This year is the third time she has participated in the League of Legends professional league.

　　The e-sports industry is now attracting countless outstanding young people like Cheyenne to join it. The opening of the 2nd International College Students’ E-sports Festival is just around the corner. Not only the e-sports competition, anchor competition, creative competition and other competition sections are registered enthusiastically, but also it provides a practical platform for students who want to engage in e-sports related work in the future. As the founder and director of the International College Students’ E-sports Festival, Wang Xiaohui said that last year’s competition triggered a warm response, and the scale of this year’s competition expanded nationwide. The school’s e-sports majors participated in the organization work and gained practical opportunities, and learned more about the e-sports industry through the linkage between enterprises and schools.

　　Does the e-sports major really teach students to play games? In recent years, many universities, such as China Communication University, Shanghai Theatre Academy, Shanghai Sport University and Nanjing Media College, have set up e-sports related majors.

　　Turning to the curriculum of e-sports major in China Communication University, we can see many courses, such as game psychology, game project management, event planning, event guiding and digital video editing, etc. Combined with the media characteristics of China Communication University, this major cultivates talents including producer, director, planner and director of e-sports competition system. In June this year, the e-sports majors of China Communication University and Nanjing Communication College welcomed the first batch of graduates, who entered Internet companies, game companies, media organizations, e-sports clubs and so on to engage in e-sports related work.

　　In April 2020, the kick-off meeting for the development of national vocational skills standards for e-sports athletes and e-sports operators was held. It was pointed out at the meeting that the number of e-sports practitioners in China is only 50,000, and the talent gap is 500,000. From the perspective of the whole industrial chain, from brand building, event planning and execution to club management and operation, there is a big talent gap, and there is also a great demand for compound talents and high-level management talents.

　　"In terms of the core professional teams and professional players, there is no institutionalized and streamlined selection and cultivation mechanism at present, and the players are more ‘ Genius type ’ By mistake. At the same time, there are insufficient related professionals such as live broadcast of e-sports, overall operation of e-sports, and professional explanation of e-sports. " Wang Qinglin, vice president of Ai Media Consulting and Research Institute, analyzed that from the current situation, most practitioners take the path of engaging in related work after retiring from professional players, and less specialized training. According to the consulting data of Ai Media, there will be about 17,000 full-time e-sports commentators/anchors in 2020, and only about 1,200 professional e-sports commentators will be certified, which is far from a large number of e-sports events.

　　"Talent is the core resource and the guarantee for the development of the industry. Schools and industries need to work closely together." Wang Xiaohui said that the long-term sustainable development of the e-sports industry in the future needs to constantly improve the talent training mechanism, build e-sports training institutions, expand talent selection channels, and achieve professional development. At the same time, e-sports, as a new industry, also needs to improve the management system, including improving policies and regulations, building a special electronic management center, etc., to spread high-quality content and reflect cultural charm with quality games.

　　(Guangming Daily reporter Lu Yuanzhen)

　　Memorabilia of e-sports development in China

　　In November 2003, the State Sports General Administration officially announced that e-sports had become the 99th official sports event recognized by the State Sports General Administration.

　　In June, 2004, 18 players from anti-terrorism elite, World of Warcraft, FIFA Football 2004 and StarCraft formed the first national e-sports team in China.

　　On April 21st, 2005, the first international e-sports club established in Chinese — — World Elite(WE) was established.

　　In 2011, China E-sports Club Alliance was established to manage the participating clubs and professional players in professional leagues. Well-known domestic clubs such as WE, IG and LGD are all members of the Alliance.

　　In 2012, the IG team won the DOTA2 International Invitational Tournament (TI2) in Seattle, USA. Won the WCG World Finals in the same year.

　　In 2014, China Newbee Team won the 4th DOTA2 International Invitational Tournament (TI4) Finals.

　　On September 6, 2016, the Ministry of Education published the Catalogue of Higher Vocational Education (Specialty) in Ordinary Colleges and Universities, which added the specialty of "E-sports and Management".

　　In August 2018, at the Asian Games in Jakarta, China e-sports players won gold medals in League of Legends and the glory of the king International Edition.

　　In November, 2018, China’s IG team won the championship of League of Legends Professional League (S8), which triggered a national carnival.

　　In April 2019, the 13 new occupations released by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security included two occupations: e-sports operators and e-sportsmen, and e-sports practitioners were officially recognized.

　　On November 5th, 2021, Hangzhou Asian Games Organizing Committee announced that eight games, including League of Legends, the glory of the king (Asian Games Edition) and Peace Elite (Asian Games Edition), were selected as official events of the 2022 Hangzhou Asian Games.

　　On November 7th, 2021, China’s EDG team won the League of Legends Professional League (S11) championship, and once again screened the social network.

　　Li Hongyan, Secretary of the Party Working Committee of Tiebei Sub-district Office, Aimin District, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province:

　　Implement democracy and win the hearts and minds of the people.

　　I am 48 years old. I have served as the first secretary in the village and the deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee of the sub-district office. Now I am the secretary of the Party Working Committee of the sub-district office. The days of working at the grassroots level are not short, and I have deep feelings with the people.

　　"Developing people’s democracy in the whole process" was written into "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Resolution on the Great Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party’s Centennial Struggle" adopted by the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, which was inspiring. As far as my grassroots work experience is concerned, the whole process of people’s democracy in China is the most extensive, authentic and effective socialist democracy.

　　In Tiebei Street, we put the concept of "whole-process people’s democracy" through the whole process of urban development and comprehensive community management, starting from the small things in people’s daily life and promoting fine governance at the grassroots level.

　　The governance of Nanxiao Xiangyang Street is the best example. It is a back alley that is more than 400 meters long, disrepair and potholes. It has not been repaired because it has not been included in the municipal management, and residents have difficulty in traveling and have a strong reaction.

　　We chat with merchants and residents along the street, listen to the demands of the masses, record and sort them out one by one, form a work report and report it to the district. Subsequently, a joint working meeting was held with the municipal and district departments to discuss the feasibility of repairing roads repeatedly. On the basis of democratic consultation, we rebuilt the road through bidding and solved the problem of residents’ travel.

　　"Living in a safe place" is a major event related to people’s livelihood and well-being. Due to poor management of some residential areas left over from history, there are frequent contradictions between property and residents. We have created a democratic consultation platform called "the House of Representatives for Property", and held a joint meeting attended by the owners’ committee, communities, streets and relevant functional departments to fully listen to the opinions of all parties. With the communication platform, the knot in everyone’s heart was slowly solved and an agreement was finally reached. The "consultation" of property disputes has stimulated the vitality of grassroots governance, and the "property discussion" is a vivid practice of people’s democracy at the grassroots level in the whole process.

　　I deeply feel that the whole process of people’s democracy in China not only has a complete system and procedure, but also has a complete participation in practice. The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee has pointed out the direction for us. We will continue to create a mechanism platform in the spirit of pioneering and innovation, implement the spirit of the Plenary Session in grassroots social governance, practice the whole process of democracy, realize civil discussion, civil administration and civil administration, and let democracy be implemented to win the hearts and minds of the people.

　　(Interview by our reporter Fiona Fang)

　　Shan Zipeng, Party Secretary of Yanuan Town, Linze County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province:

　　Everything is for the masses and everything depends on the masses.

　　The Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee pointed out that "we must adhere to the people-centered development thought and develop people’s democracy in the whole process", which provided direction guidance and value orientation for upholding and developing socialist democratic politics in the new journey.

　　The development of the east and west of Duck Warm Town is somewhat unbalanced: the eastern part has obvious advantages in characteristic industries, while the western part has serious salinization of soil due to low terrain, poor drainage. Changing the backward appearance of "saline-alkali land and black ditch" has become the greatest wish of the surrounding people.

　　Through extensive interviews with voters and listening to the opinions of the masses, county and town people’s congress deputies put forward suggestions on water system improvement and saline-alkali treatment in the western region, which were quickly positively responded by the county party Committee and county government.

　　The county set up a special work class, invited deputies to the National People’s Congress, township cadres and party member people to discuss good strategies, and made overall plans to integrate water system management, village roads, high-standard farmland construction and other projects, so as to fundamentally solve the bottleneck problem of uneven development in the east and west areas of Yanuan Town.

　　County and town leaders actively apply for funds and strive for pilot projects; Town and village cadres give full play to their organizational advantages, hold "yard meetings" and "yard talks", go door-to-door to talk about benefits and development, and the cadres and the masses are twisted into a rope. Soon, projects such as water system connection and comprehensive improvement, highway reconstruction and upgrading, and high-standard farmland construction started one after another, and everyone was in full swing.

　　Nowadays, in the western area of Yanuan Town, a piece of saline-alkali land has turned into a fertile field of water and fertilizer integration, and the beautiful picture of "clear water, green shore, beautiful scenery and prosperous industry" has slowly spread out. In recent years, the pockets of local people have gradually swelled.

　　Follow the will of the people and act according to the will of the people. In the past four years, the town has done more than 120 practical things for the masses through the suggestions of deputies to the National People’s Congress, soliciting opinions from the masses, and accepting the hotline of people’s feelings, which has been well received by all parties.

　　New starting point, then start. Standing on the new journey, we will continue to practice the people-centered development thought, do everything for the masses, rely on the masses, implement people’s democracy in the whole development process concretely and accurately, and continuously enhance the sense of gain, happiness and security of the grassroots.

　　(Interview by reporter Zhao Shuaijie)

　　Sheng Hong, Party Secretary of Ronghua Residential Area, Hongqiao Street, Changning District, Shanghai:

　　Gather the wisdom of the masses and improve the efficiency of governance

　　The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Resolution on the Great Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party’s Hundred Years’ Struggle mentions "people’s democracy in the whole process" three times. Abundant practice at the grass-roots level has proved that the whole process of people’s democracy is a full-chain, all-round and full-coverage democracy, which effectively guarantees the people’s democratic rights in national and social life.

　　In practical work, we have transformed the institutional advantages of people’s democracy into the effectiveness of grass-roots governance. It is an important way for my community to practice people’s democracy in the whole process.

　　"Huang Jincheng Road" is a characteristic pedestrian street in the community, with a total length of 670 meters, 6 residential quarters and more than 200 shops along the street. However, since the opening up in 2009, the pedestrian street has constantly encountered difficulties and challenges in management and governance.

　　In 2020, under the leadership of Hongqiao Street, we set up the Huang Jincheng Road Co-governance Committee, whose members include not only property, industry committees and neighborhood committees, but also representatives of shops and units. In April 2021, we launched the "Action Plan for Block Proposal", hoping that residents would come out of their homes and get together to offer suggestions and suggestions around "block renewal, digital transformation, green ecology and cultural and creative arts".

　　In June 2021, less than two months after the project started, the street received 22 mature proposals. After a month and a half of exhibition, voting and evaluation, 16 block micro-renewal projects have received financial support and landed one after another.

　　We have received a proposal from a college teacher and resident: it is suggested to build a harbor-style parking lot at the main entrance of Huang Jincheng Road Pedestrian Street, so as to solve the traffic hidden dangers such as the unclear diversion of people and vehicles and the unsmooth lane movement in the block. He gave full play to his professional advantages, divided the intersection into several areas such as temporary parking areas, and added mini gardens and pet garbage drop points. These humanized traffic slow-moving facilities made this area look brand-new.

　　In fact, residents have a strong sense of participating in community governance, and many suggestions are feasible, which make up for the blind spots in our work. In the process of project landing and implementation, we mobilize the masses to participate in block governance to the maximum extent. It is in the process of proposal, discussion, implementation and acceptance that the project has achieved very good results by adhering to the people’s democracy in the whole process and gathering the wisdom of all people.

　　Next, we will continue to "ask for the needs of the people, ask for the consideration of the people", reduce the cost of residents’ participation, and cooperate with social organizations to make the community warmer and the neighborhood brighter.

　　(Reporter Ji Juesu interviewed)

CCTV News:As an important part of the service industry, catering has resumed its development since this year. As an upgrade of catering consumption, the market scale of China’s prefabricated vegetable industry is growing, reaching 419.6 billion yuan in 2022. A plate of prefabricated dishes not only changed the dining habits of many people on the consumption side, but also promoted the upgrading of the industrial chain on the raw material side.

In Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, the new container fish culture adopted by Tan Xingkui, a 50-year-old snakehead farmer, is a link in the prefabricated vegetable industry chain.

In this container fish farming system, 30 mu of ecological fish ponds provide high-quality water, and the aquaculture water is treated by four-level fish ponds to achieve recycling and zero carbon emission. This way of fish farming is not only to increase farmers’ income, but also a subversive change to the traditional way of fish farming.

The snakehead fish comes to the processing plant from the fish pond of farmers, and it takes only 6 hours to enter the market after slicing, deboning, trimming corners, slicing by machine, sizing and rolling oil after cleaning, packaging and packaging. Fresh-keeping, not adding preservatives, but entering the freezer, using instant freezing technology to lock fresh for 30 minutes. The rapid development of prefabricated dishes and the pursuit of upgrading quality and taste are driving the green development of rural industries, promoting farmers’ income, and giving birth to more new businesses. Huang Wanyong, a cutterhead from Guangxi, is a new craftsman who grew up with the prefabricated vegetable industry.

Black fish filmmaker Huang Wanyong:I didn’t adapt to it at first. When I first started learning, my hands were numb, and I could kill twenty or thirty pounds of fish in an hour. Later, I got used to it. My highest record was killing 3000 Jin of fish a day. The factory here in Guangdong is bigger and the salary is higher. Only when you come here can you afford to buy a car.

In Guangdong, from fish ponds to dining tables, the prefabricated vegetable industry chain of pickled fish covers a complete supply chain network from fish seedling breeding, feed production, snakehead breeding and fillet processing. Last year, Guangdong Province issued "Ten Measures for Accelerating the High-quality Development of Guangdong Prefabricated Vegetable Industry", and accelerated the formulation of local standards for food safety of prefabricated vegetables, basic standards for classification of prefabricated vegetables, and quality evaluation and testing standards.

With the upgrading of technologies such as fresh-keeping cold chain, the ingredients that could not be made into prefabricated dishes have a new life. In the past, crayfish-related prefabricated dishes in the market were mainly frozen, and few factories made them cold and fresh. In Xuyi County, Huai ‘an, Jiangsu Province, the newly-built liquid nitrogen quick-freezing production line and other intelligent equipment have broken through the limitations of space and time, and the innovation of technology to keep fresh has made it a reality to eat crayfish cold.

At the first monetary policy meeting in 2024, the Bank of Japan remained "inactive" and kept the yield curve control (YCC) and negative interest rate policy unchanged, which basically met market expectations. At the same time, the Bank of Japan lowered its core CPI forecast for fiscal year 2024 and GDP forecast for 2023.

Japanese stock exchange staged a "roller coaster". After a short-term diving, the yen rose, while the stock market showed the opposite trend.

At the afternoon meeting (for more details, please refer to the calendar applet), the governor of the Bank of Japan, Kazuo Ueda, said that the uncertainty of the price outlook is still high, and even if the negative interest rate ends, the relaxed policy environment will continue.

However, he also pointed out that the certainty of the central bank’s 2% sustained inflation target is gradually rising, saying that it will carefully evaluate the data including the spring labor negotiations. Some analysts predict that labor negotiations in spring will help to form a virtuous circle of wages/inflation, and the possibility of the Bank of Japan raising interest rates in April is as high as 90%.

The Bank of Japan stayed put.

On the morning of January 23rd, the Bank of Japan issued a resolution statement:

The deposit interest rate remains unchanged at -0.1%;

The yield target of 10-year treasury bonds remains around 0%, and the fluctuation of 1% is still regarded as the reference line;

Will buy "necessary amount, but no upper limit" of Japanese debt.

The wording of the Bank of Japan’s policy guidelines has not changed, indicating that it will "patiently" adhere to monetary easing until the inflation rate reaches 2%.

At the same time, the Bank of Japan released the latest economic forecast and inflation forecast:

It is estimated that the CPI (excluding fresh food) in fiscal year 2023 will be 2.8%, which is the same as previously expected;

The CPI (excluding fresh food) in fiscal year 2024 is expected to be lowered from 2.8% in October to 2.4%;

Raise the CPI (excluding fresh food) in fiscal year 2025 from 1.7% in October to 1.8%;

It is estimated that the CPI (excluding fresh food and energy), known as the "core in the core", will be 3.8% in FY 2023, which is the same as previously expected.

It is estimated that the CPI (excluding fresh food and energy) will be 1.9% in FY 2024, which is the same as previously expected.

It is estimated that the CPI (excluding fresh food and energy) will be 1.9% in FY 2025, which is the same as previously expected.

Reduce the GDP forecast for fiscal year 2023 from 2% to 1.8%;

Raise the GDP growth forecast for fiscal year 2024 from 1.0% to 1.2%;

Maintain the GDP forecast for fiscal year 2025 at 1%.

This revision predicts that by fiscal year 2024, Japan’s CPI inflation (excluding fresh food) will be higher than the Bank of Japan’s target for three consecutive years. The Bank of Japan insists that unless the wage growth momentum accelerates, the inflation target will not be achieved stably and sustainably.

After the announcement of the monetary policy resolution, the yen fell to 0.2% against the US dollar, and then the yen continued to rise. USD/JPY is now quoted at 147.95 yen, down 0.11% in the day.

The Nikkei 225 index once rose by 1.2%, but then fell, and the increase of the Dongzheng index narrowed to 0.3%, after rising by 0.8%.

Japanese 10-year government bond futures rose 20 points to 147.10.

Governor of the Bank of Japan: Even if negative interest rates are ended, the relaxed environment will continue.

On Tuesday, 23rd, Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda said at the January monetary policy press conference that the uncertainty of the price outlook is still high, and he will not hesitate to increase the easing policy if necessary.

According to the current economic forecast, even if we end the negative interest rate, the monetary environment may still be very loose. It is uncertain how long the easing policy will last after the end of negative interest rates.

Ueda Kazuo said that import-driven inflation has peaked, and if the price target is in sight, we will consider whether to maintain negative interest rates, but it is still difficult to say how far it is from withdrawing from the negative interest rate policy.

However, he also pointed out that the certainty of achieving the central bank’s inflation target is gradually rising, service prices are rising moderately, and the progress of forming a virtuous circle of inflation is still being observed, and the ripple effect of wage increase is spreading to prices little by little.

We still believe that service inflation is gradually accelerating, which has become a trend. The focus in the future will be whether wage increases will affect prices, especially service prices.

When asked whether the Bank of Japan will still maintain YCC (yield curve control policy) or buy a large number of bonds after ending negative interest rates, Ueda Kazuo said:

We hope to avoid major interference with the continuity of policies.

At the same time as Ueda spoke, the yen expanded its gains, and the yen rose by about 20 points against the US dollar in the short term.

Ueda Kazuo also said that the central bank has not fully grasped the impact of the earthquake on the economy, and a certain amount of information is available before the March meeting. The central bank will pay close attention to the impact of the earthquake on the economy.

Will interest rates be raised in April? The key lies in the result of spring fighting.

Ueda Kazuo also said that there will be more data at the policy meeting in April than at the policy meeting in March. He said that the trade unions demanded a pay increase in Japan’s annual spring labor negotiations, and the central bank would carefully evaluate the data including the spring labor negotiations.

Many enterprises have made decisions on salary in advance, but they are not sure about the extent and scope of salary increase.

Policy decisions can be made without all the wage data of small enterprises, and the results of labor negotiations in large enterprises will also affect the results of small enterprises. Rising service prices may push up wages.

Earlier, a former senior official of the Bank of Japan predicted that the result of this spring fight is expected to increase wages by 4%. Wall Street believes that this will help to form a virtuous circle of wages/inflation, and the reasons for the Bank of Japan to raise interest rates at the April meeting are more and more sufficient. Rengo, the trade union federation, will announce the preliminary results on March 15th.

Alvin Tan, head of Asian foreign exchange strategy in capital markets of Royal Bank of Singapore, predicts that the possibility of the Bank of Japan raising interest rates in April is still as high as 90%, and the possibility of raising interest rates in June is only about 10%. In this regard, zerohedge, a well-known financial blog, said that perhaps the Bank of Japan hopes to wait until the Nikkei index doubles in the next three months, when the yen will explode.

This article does not constitute personal investment advice, and does not represent an opinion. The market is risky, so you need to be cautious when investing. Please make independent judgments and decisions.

Original title: "The Bank of Japan" does not move, and whether to raise interest rates in April depends on the outcome of the spring fight. "

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　　Aircraft rescue personnel launched an open-air rescue drill. Li Zhenshe (People’s Vision)

　　Firefighters cleaned up the "fire field" during the drill. Photo by Liu Yongquan (People’s Vision)

　　Lanzhou, May 12 (Reporter Dong Hongliang, Wang Jintao) On May 11, the the State Council Earthquake Relief Headquarters Office, the Emergency Management Department and the Gansu Provincial People’s Government jointly held the "Emergency Mission 2022" earthquake relief exercise in the alpine plateau area.

　　The exercise simulated a large number of houses collapsed and casualties were caused by the earthquake of magnitude 7.5, and some roads, electricity, water supply, gas and communication in the disaster area were interrupted. The main exercise field was set up in Ganzhou District, Zhangye City, and sub-exercise fields were set up in Jiayuguan, Jiuquan, Jinchang and Wuwei. More than 5,000 people participated in the main battle. Including the national comprehensive fire rescue team, the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force and other emergency forces, using 9 large aircraft, as well as some railway, aviation and highway transport resources, command vehicles and rescue equipment and some small and medium-sized drones.

　　The exercise is divided into three stages: pull test, command exercise and comprehensive exercise. There are 18 major subjects and 41 specific exercise subjects. In terms of exercise subjects, in addition to the common contents in earthquake rescue, such as search and rescue of people buried in collapsed buildings, fire fighting and rescue of high-rise buildings, emergency repair of infrastructure, rescue and transportation of the wounded, resettlement of the affected people, etc., 26 practical exercise subjects were carried out in the field or by constructing simulation scenes in combination with the disaster characteristics in northwest China and the alpine environment in the plateau.

　　The exercise focused on improving the effectiveness of emergency command and rescue efforts, and promoting the ability of earthquake relief. In terms of the command system, the earthquake relief headquarters at the national, provincial, municipal and district levels, the Central Military Commission and the Western Theater Joint Operations Command Center responded synchronously, and the agencies coordinated and made concerted efforts to scientifically allocate and make overall use of emergency resources. All aspects of rescue forces were fully demonstrated, and water, land and air were used to rescue. All kinds of teams gave full play to their professional advantages and tempered their rescue capabilities.

　　Three meals a day is essential for everyone, but if you don’t pay attention to food hygiene, eating expired and deteriorated food by mistake will cause poisoning. What is such a mild food poisoning symptom? Let’s look at what are the mild food poisoning symptoms.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning:

　　The most common symptoms of food poisoning are severe vomiting and diarrhea, accompanied by upper and middle abdominal pain. Food poisoning patients often have dehydration symptoms due to vomiting and diarrhea, such as dry mouth, sunken nests, loss of elasticity, cold limbs, weak pulse, low blood pressure, etc., and finally can cause shock. There are many different types of food poisoning.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 1. When salmonella food poisoning occurs, it may show high fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, watery stools with diarrhea, etc. In severe cases, it may cause convulsions and coma, and may die if the rescue is not timely. It is often caused by eating meat, eggs and aquatic products contaminated by bacteria, especially dead livestock meat.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 2. Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning, with acute onset, low fever, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, mostly recovered within one week. Eating fish and crabs raw or eating meat, salted eggs and pickles contaminated by bacteria can cause poisoning.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 3. Staphylococcal enterotoxin food poisoning, mainly manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc., especially vomiting. It is often caused by eating dairy products, meat products and leftovers contaminated by bacteria.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 4. Botulinum poisoning is the abbreviation of Clostridium botulinum toxin poisoning, which is the most serious in bacterial food poisoning. The onset has its own characteristics, except dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms, mainly manifested as blurred vision, diplopia, drooping eyelids, difficulty in opening eyes, difficulty in swallowing, hoarseness and so on.

　　What about minor food poisoning?

　　First, vomiting

　　If you take it within 1 ~ 2 hours, you can use the method of inducing vomiting. Immediately take 20g of salt and add 200ml of boiling water to dissolve it, and then drink it once after cooling. If you don’t vomit, you can drink it several times to quickly promote vomiting. You can also mash 100g of fresh ginger to get juice and take it with 200ml of warm water. If you eat bad meat food, you can take ten drops of water to promote rapid vomiting. Some patients can also use chopsticks, fingers or goose feathers to stimulate the throat and cause vomiting.

　　Second, catharsis

　　If the patient takes food for a long time, generally more than 2 ~ 3 hours, and the spirit is good, he can take some laxatives to urge the poisoned food to be excreted as soon as possible. Generally, rhubarb 30g is decocted once, and 20g of Sodium Sulfate can be selected for elderly patients, which can relieve diarrhea by taking it with boiled water. For the elderly who are in good health, 15g of senna leaves can also be decocted once, or boiled water can be used to induce diarrhea.

　　Third, detoxification

　　If it is food poisoning caused by eating spoiled fish, shrimp, crabs, etc., it is advisable to add 200ml of water to 100ml of vinegar and take it once after dilution. In addition, 30g of Perilla frutescens and 10g of Radix Glycyrrhizae can be decocted once. If you eat spoiled drinks or preservatives by mistake, the best first aid method is to fill them with fresh milk or other protein-containing drinks.

Special feature of 1905 film network In the summer of 2023, domestic animated films triggered a poetry reading craze among primary and secondary school students. China’s mythical epic films set a new record, which exceeded the audience’s imagination.At the same time, this "Chinese style" on the big screen has fallen into the embarrassing situation of being "found fault" one after another! ?

Netizens pointed out that Chang ‘an Three Wan Li distorted historical facts. For example, characters experience is not consistent with the truth, historical figures are washed away, and the time of poetry is disordered.

However, the first part of "Feng Shen" is caught in the arguments that the service of Buddhism is too gorgeous and the story character magic change is involved.

How did the opening way of Guofeng movies become "finding fault"? Should film and television works involving history strictly follow historical facts?

Indeed, there are indeed many film and television works in the market today that spread the wrong information under the signboard of mass entertainment. How should we face these two different voices?

As for the animated film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an", since it is a historical film, the audience will subconsciously regard it as a historical reference book when watching it. The audience will easily think that many things that happened in movies are historical facts that really happened in history.

When the audience leaves the cinema to read the history books, when they find that the real record is different from what happened in the movie, they will think that they have been deceived and deceived by the movie.

Among the comments of netizens, there is a comment that "the acceptance of popular science can’t keep up with entertainment". One of the most successful aspects of the film is that it uses visual and auditory communication methods that are popular and easily arouse the audience’s emotion and memory, and stimulates many people’s interest in history.

It is undeniable that the popularity of telling stories about historical themes in a serious way on the video platform is really not high. Therefore, we can also see that after the film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" was released, many historical and cultural bloggers used the film and influence to spread the story to more people. For example, the stories of Li Bai, Du Fu, Gao Shi, Emperor Taizong and Cheng Yuanzhen.

There are some reasonable adaptations in The Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, which are generally accepted by the audience. Among them, for the image of Gao Shi, the film has made a relatively large adaptation.

In the history of Gao Shi, he once wrote poems to Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong. At that time, Yang Guozhong launched a war against Nanzhao. As a result of the war, Tang Jun was completely annihilated, but Gao Shi boasted that Yang Guozhong had won the war. In fact, this can be said to be a "stain" of Gao Shi. But this is not reflected in the movie. In the film, Gao Shi’s image is very practical and willing to work, and he is not willing to take those crooked ways.

For example, in history, Gao Shi did not rescue Li Bai after the Anshi Rebellion. In order to highlight the image of Gao Shi, at the end of the film, he suggested that the audience borrowed Guo Ziyi to save Li Bai.

For the general audience, these two changes are mainly for the film plot service, and changing historical facts can also make the audience accept.

Besides, I also saw many netizens say that "the poems in Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an appear in the wrong order". Gao Shi’s "Yan Ge Xing" has such a historical background. At that time, a man from the frontier fortress saw Gao Shi and told him a lot about the frontier fortress. Gao Shi felt it in his heart, so he wrote "Yan Ge Xing".

In the movie, "Yan Ge Xing" was written by Gao Shi on the poem board pavilion in the post station when he came home from northern Hebei. This adaptation of the film can be described as ingenious. Because Gao Shi had just experienced a few years of military camp life at that time, there was a backlog of emotions in his heart. At the same time, there is also a backlog of emotions in the hearts of the audience. I believe the audience’s viewing experience has reached a climax when the film shows the high-quality "the northeastern border of China was dark with smoke and dust" with animation.

With the popularity of Guofeng movies, many netizens are holding "magnifying glasses" to "find fault" with Guofeng movies. Indeed, many movies contain historical distortions and magic change, which is hard for the audience to accept.

For example, for the character Cheng Gonggong, friends who are familiar with history can easily infer that Cheng Gonggong’s historical prototype is Cheng Yuanzhen. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Cheng Yuanzhen was a great eunuch who was in power in the ruling and opposition, and was the chief culprit indirectly leading to the Tubo occupation of Chang ‘an. So at this point, the changes in the film are not very satisfactory to most audiences who are familiar with history.

Another film, Feng Shen Part I, which was adapted from the novel Feng Shen Romance in Ming Dynasty and the Song and Yuan Dynasties dialect, is a drastic adaptation of the original work.

Different from Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, the film Feng Shen Part I is an epic mythological film in its positioning, which is different from the historical story of Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, and we should look at it with another standard.

The original works related to the deity IP have a long history, and there are many Machamp gods in the movies, so we can’t be too demanding about how close their movies are to historical facts in historical records. After all, no one has seen immortals or ghosts. Therefore, there is a lot of room for the service of Buddhism in the first part of Feng Shen. Compared with historicity, in fact, what we should pay more attention to is its characterization and its plot.

The images of Zhou Wang and da ji, including Ji Fa, in Feng Shen I are quite different from those in the past. In the adaptation of the image of Zhou Wang Yin Shou, the director hopes that the characters should have their own original motivation, and the ruin of the country is fundamentally caused by the ruler’s own defects, his own fatuity and his own greed, so the film "The First Part of the Gods" series readjusted the setting of Yin Shou. Zhou Wang changed from "passive evil" to "active evil", and many viewers commented that "this kind of Yin Shou is both handsome and emotional".

On the other hand, the current film audience’s strict requirements on the historical truth and historical objectivity in the works of national style show the audience’s concern and love for the theme on a large scale. For example, as the first work of the series of deities directed by Wu Ershan, the audience knows that there are also the second and third parts.

Including the animated film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" produced by light-chasing animation, which is the first in the "New Culture" series, and other animated films in this series will be launched to meet the audience in the future.

From this point of view, the first step of series creation has been taken, and the audience’s attention and evaluation perspective have also gathered here. The audience also hopes that more excellent and progressive film works can flood into the market.

Film and television creation is not a textbook, so we should look at the films with a tolerant attitude. After all, film is the product of artistic creation, which is different from real history, and it is also different from documentary. There are many ways to know history, and the more important or effective way is to read books or go to museums to listen to tour guides.

On the other hand, with the improvement of the audience’s aesthetic experience, the pressure on film and television art creators is increasing. In the historical creation of the theme of national customs, the creators need to grasp a scale of adaptation and follow the principle of "the big points are not empty, and the small points are not limited".

I also hope that there will be more movies like Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an and The First Part of Gods, which will enrich the audience’s viewing experience.

At present, the new energy vehicles in the domestic automobile market are getting hotter and hotter. Not only automobile manufacturers are constantly introducing various new energy vehicles, but more and more consumers will also consider choosing new energy vehicles when buying a car. Different from the traditional field of fuel vehicles, the manufacturing of emerging new energy vehicles is obviously much simpler. Therefore, in recent years, more and more brand-new new energy vehicle brands have appeared in the domestic automobile market, and there are also many brands that have won many consumers to pay for their new cars just after they are launched.

For this reason, the number of new energy automobile brands in the domestic automobile market is still increasing. No, SAIC and Huawei have launched a brand-new new energy automobile brand Shangjie, and the first model of Shangjie brand-officially released today on the first day of the 2025 Chengdu Auto Show, and the new car will be officially listed on September 23. Previously, the new car has been pre-sold, and a large number of orders were received on the day of opening the reservation. So what is the specific performance of the brand-new model under this brand-new brand, and why can it attract many consumers? Let’s take a look together.

Shangjie H5 is a new energy medium-sized SUV. At present, there are many models in the same class for our consumers to choose from, so the price has become an important factor in determining whether the car can attract consumers. Therefore, let’s take a look at the price of the new car first. Previously, the manufacturer has started the pre-sale of new cars without announcing the pre-sale price. The pre-sale price of Shangjie H5 is 169.8-20.98 million, which still has certain advantages compared with the models of the same class.

In terms of design, the overall design of Shangjie H5 adopts a simple and fashionable design style, which I personally think can meet the mainstream aesthetics of the public. In the front part, the front of the new car shows a downward dive, while the whole front face is concave, which gives the whole front a good impact with sharp headlights on both sides. On the side of the car body, the design of Shangjie H5 is very simple, and even the hidden electric door handle that many car companies like at present is not adopted, but I personally prefer this traditional door handle design. In addition, the high waistline and window line of the new car combined with the 20-inch wheel hub still create a good sense of fashion and sports for the whole car side. The rear part of the new car is full and has a certain sense of hierarchy, which seems to have a good sense of strength and hierarchy; In addition, Shangjie H5 also adopts a through taillight design, which highlights the technological sense of the rear.

Like the appearance, the interior design style of Shangjie H5 tends to be simple and fashionable, and the new car is equipped with many large-size screens in the compartment, so the sense of science and technology of the interior is relatively good; In addition, the performance of the new car in terms of interior materials is also good. A large area of soft or leather packages are used in the center console and door panels, so the interior still has a good sense of grade. Configuration, such as full LCD instrument, central control large screen, automatic zoning air conditioner, air outlet of rear seat air conditioner, rear entertainment screen, panoramic sunroof, electrically adjustable seat, etc., all appear on Shangjie H5.

In terms of body size, Shangjie H5 has a length, width and height of 4780*1910*1664mm and a wheelbase of 2840mm, and it is positioned in a medium-sized SUV. Compared with other models of the same class, Shangjie H5′ s car width and wheelbase performance are outstanding, and all the new cars have a five-seat layout, so both the seating space and the cargo space in the trunk are relatively spacious. In addition, the rear seat of Shangjie H5 also supports proportional tilting, and it is more convenient to load some large items after tilting the seat. However, the back of the rear seat of this car cannot be flat with the trunk after tilting, which needs to be improved.

As for the power system, Shangjie H5 is a new energy vehicle. The new car has a pure electric version and an extended range version to choose from. The pure electric version is equipped with a motor with a maximum horsepower of 204Ps or 245Ps, and the pure electric cruising range of this version of CLTC is 535km, 525km, 655km or 640km；. The extended range version is equipped with a 98Ps range extender and a +204Ps motor, while the CLTC has a pure electric cruising range of 235km, which is quite outstanding among many models.

Summary: The above are some introductions of this new car, Shangjie H5. Generally speaking, the performance of the new car in exterior interior design and configuration is outstanding, while the performance of space and power system is basically at the same level as that of the same class. Fortunately, the pricing of the car is still attractive. If the new car can come up with some small surprises in price after it is officially launched, I personally think it can still achieve more outstanding sales results.

　　In the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "China’s economy has changed from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage, and it is in the key period of changing the development mode, optimizing the economic structure and transforming the growth momentum. Building a modern economic system is an urgent requirement for crossing the barrier and a strategic goal for China’s development." To speed up the construction of a modern economic system, we must adhere to the principle of quality first and efficiency first, take the supply-side structural reform as the main line, promote the quality change, efficiency change and power change of economic development, and improve the total factor productivity, so as to build a solid foundation for continuously enhancing China’s economic innovation and competitiveness and realizing the goal of "two hundred years".

　　First, the transformation of development stage needs to promote three important changes

　　In the past 40 years since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has maintained a rapid growth of nearly 10%. The achievement of this world-famous historic achievement depends on many conditions. During this period, China’s economic development level is generally low, with a weak foundation, a small base and a large room for growth. A large number of technologies and experiences created by human society can be introduced for reference. China has the largest population in the world, which means that the demand scale and potential are large, the labor force is large and the cost is low; The cost of land and other natural resources is low, and the ecological environment constraints are loose; More importantly, China’s social and political stability, the establishment and gradual improvement of the socialist market economic system, the development of an open economy, and the effective use of international and domestic markets. The cooperation and interaction of the above conditions have contributed to the miracle of long-term high-speed economic growth in a populous country that has never been seen in human history. At the same time, this growth is inevitably characterized by rapid expansion in quantity and scale, accompanied by some unbalanced, uncoordinated and unsustainable contradictions and problems.

　　In 2008, in the face of the impact of the international financial crisis, we adopted the stimulus policy of steady growth, and the growth rate took the lead in the world, reaching a high point in the first quarter of 2011, and then the growth rate gradually slowed down. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, faced with new situations and problems, the CPC Central Committee has made a major judgment that China’s economic development has entered a new normal. Judging from the factors and conditions supporting China’s economic growth, there have been or are undergoing many important changes, including the decline in the number of labor force aged 15-59 in China since 2012, the decrease in the number of migrant workers entering cities, the corresponding increase in wages, and the weakening of the advantage of low-cost labor force; The terminal demand such as real estate and important industrial products such as steel and coal have successively experienced historical peak demand, and the growth rate has obviously slowed down, and problems such as overcapacity and excessive product inventory are prominent; The prices of land and other resources have risen, housing prices in some cities are high, and the pressure on the ecological environment has increased, and some aspects are close to or even exceed the bottom line; With the increase of factor cost, the increase of export base and the change of international market environment, the rapid growth of export in the past is unsustainable and we must rely more on domestic demand; There is a serious imbalance between finance and the real economy, between real estate and other fields, and within the real economy. The leverage ratio in some areas is too high, financial risks increase, and the efficiency of economic growth shows a downward trend. With these changes, China’s economic structure has undergone major changes, and economic growth has turned to rely more on consumption, service industry and domestic demand, and more on the improvement of workers’ quality, technological progress and total factor productivity. Accordingly,The stage of economic development began to change, from the past high-speed growth stage to the high-quality development stage.

　　From the history of industrialization and economic growth, the transformation of China’s economic development stage conforms to the law, and there are also international experiences to learn from. This transformation has not changed the judgment that China’s development is still in an important strategic opportunity period, but the connotation of the opportunity period has changed greatly. If it used to be mainly "paving stalls", it will be mainly "going up the steps" in the future. Although China’s growth rate has slowed down, the annual increment and its driving effect on the global economy are still the biggest. While maintaining the competitive growth rate, the main difficulty lies in how to turn the challenge of improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth into new development opportunities.

　　Second, the key to change is to improve the total factor productivity.

　　Promoting quality change, efficiency change and power change is an inevitable requirement in the stage of high-quality development, and an important content in the key period of changing development mode, optimizing economic structure and transforming growth momentum.

　　Quality reform includes improving the quality of products and services, and more importantly, comprehensively improving the quality of all fields and levels of the national economy. This is an all-round change from concept, goal and system to the details of work in specific fields. We should take improving the quality of the supply system as the main direction, conform to the international advanced quality standards, carry out quality improvement actions, significantly enhance China’s economic quality advantages, and make China manufacturing and China service a symbol of high quality; Promote the survival of the fittest of enterprises and products, concentrate resources on high-quality enterprises and products, and gradually form a number of high-quality brand enterprises and products with long-term and stable international competitiveness through full and effective market competition; Create an environment conducive to innovation, promote the flow and agglomeration of innovation elements, encourage all kinds of innovations aimed at improving the quality of products and services, and make innovation a powerful kinetic energy for improving quality; Take green development as an important content of quality improvement, accelerate all-round green transformation from consumption, production, circulation, investment to lifestyle, and make green and low carbon an important feature of high-quality products and services.

　　Efficiency reform is to find out and fill all kinds of low-efficiency depressions that were concealed or ignored in the previous high-speed growth stage, and lay a solid foundation for high-quality development. Market competition, in the final analysis, is the competition of input-output comparison and efficiency. We must deepen the reform in areas where administrative monopoly is still prominent, focus on introducing and strengthening competition in oil and gas, electric power, railways, telecommunications, finance and other industries, comprehensively reduce the costs of energy, logistics, communications and financing in the operation of the real economy, and improve the attractiveness and competitiveness of developing the real economy, especially manufacturing; Further substantially relax market access, improve the exit mechanism, improve the social security system, so that efficient factors can enter and inefficient factors can be withdrawn, and comprehensively improve the input-output efficiency of the economy through rational flow and optimal combination of production factors, mergers and acquisitions of enterprises, and industrial transformation and upgrading; Enhance the ability of financial services to the real economy, prevent and control various economic bubbles, reduce excessive leverage ratio, resolve financial risks, and provide effective financial services for the innovative development, transformation and upgrading of the real economy; Improve the level of open economy, combine bringing in with going out, participate in international competition and cooperation on a larger scale and at a higher level, and steadily enhance the position of China’s industry in the global value chain.

　　Dynamic change is to adapt to the needs of building a modern economic system with high quality and high efficiency after the advantages of labor quantity and cost are gradually weakened, and accelerate the transformation from labor quantity dividend to quality dividend. We must give priority to the development of education, speed up the modernization of education, comprehensively improve the quality of education from basic education, higher education to vocational education, and improve the quality of workers at all levels of economic and social development; Strengthen the protection and encouragement of intellectual property rights, cultivate and bring up a large number of strategic scientific and technological talents, leading scientific and technological talents, young scientific and technological talents and high-level innovation teams with international standards, promote the rational flow of all kinds of talents, and mobilize the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of entrepreneurs, scientists, technicians and other talents to a greater extent; Create a glorious social fashion of labor and a professional atmosphere of striving for perfection, respect labor and creativity, build an army of knowledge-based, skilled and innovative workers, improve the social status of front-line workers, break the class solidification, and expand channels and opportunities for vertical mobility and struggle to become talents.

　　After China’s economy has entered the stage of high-quality development, it is no longer possible to rely mainly on the growth of factor input as before, and it must turn to rely more on the improvement of total factor productivity. Among the three major changes, quality change is the main body, efficiency change is the main line, power change is the foundation, and the key is to effectively and continuously improve the total factor productivity. Only by solving this key problem can we create a new development situation with obviously improved quality and efficiency, stability and sustainability while maintaining a certain growth rate.

　　Third, to realize the three major changes, we must deepen reform and create an environment.

　　International experience shows that it is relatively easy for economically backward countries to achieve rapid growth in the early stage of industrialization, but the difficulty of development is obviously increased in the transition from middle income stage to high income stage. After World War II, many countries entered the industrialization process and reached the middle-income stage, but only 13 economies entered the high-income stage. Some countries fall into the "middle income trap", and their growth is slow or even retrogressive. If the expansion of quantity and scale is easy to be effective in the high-speed growth stage, it will be greatly changed in the short term, but in the high-quality development stage, it will take a long time to make the improvement of quality and efficiency effective and step up. After entering the stage of high-quality development, it will encounter challenges that have never been encountered in the previous high-speed growth stage. To face and solve many new contradictions and problems, fundamentally speaking, it is necessary to further deepen the supply-side structural reform and accelerate the creation of an institutional and policy environment that is compatible with high-quality development.

　　First of all, we should solve the problem of understanding the economic development goals. After entering the stage of high-quality development, if we try to maintain the previous high-speed growth without paying attention to quality and efficiency, either the speed will not go up, or it will go up in a short time, and it will fall down, causing ups and downs in the economy. After a period of time, the actual growth rate will be low. Therefore, emphasizing quality and efficiency and the stability and sustainability of development is actually beneficial to maintaining the necessary growth rate in the long run. We must correct the tendency of "GDP only" and pay more attention to employment and entrepreneurship, quality and efficiency, risk prevention and control, stability and sustainability in development goals.

　　Secondly, truly make the market play a decisive role in resource allocation. Whether it is to promote the flow of production factors and optimize the allocation, break the monopoly, encourage competition, and eliminate the fittest, or to stabilize the expectations of entrepreneurs and mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of talents in all aspects, it is required to implement the decisive role of the market in resource allocation. Whether the government can play a better role depends on whether it is conducive to the market playing a decisive role in resource allocation. We must focus on improving the property rights system and the market-oriented allocation of factors, and deepen the reform in key areas such as property rights protection, state-owned assets of state-owned enterprises, land, taxation, finance, and government administration. To deepen reform, we should attach importance to top-level design, clarify the direction and draw the bottom line; At the same time, we should pay attention to the reform exploration of local, grass-roots and enterprises, reduce the uncertainty of reform through trial and error, and find a reform method that conforms to the long-term direction and the actual situation.

　　Thirdly, pay more attention to the construction of innovative environment. Successful innovation depends on many conditions. The fundamental one is to form favorable environmental conditions for innovation, including the protection and encouragement of intellectual property rights, the stable expectation of innovation subjects such as entrepreneurs and scientists, the free flow and optimal combination of various innovation elements, the effective service of financial products at different stages of innovation, the supporting conditions of industries and the support of innovation infrastructure. Experience at home and abroad shows that successful innovation mainly comes from regional innovation centers and innovative cities, because these areas have better innovation environment than other regions. We must speed up the reform of science and technology system, further open the market of innovation factors, form an inter-regional competition mechanism to improve the innovation environment, and promote more regional innovation centers and innovative cities to stand out.

　　Fourth, form an institutional mechanism to promote green development. The new concept of ecological civilization construction and green development is deeply rooted in people’s hearts. The key is how to turn the concept into action and truly implement the "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" strategic concept put forward by the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Green development is a new way of development, which requires not only subtraction to control pollution, but more importantly addition and multiplication to form new kinetic energy of consumption upgrading, economic growth and innovation development. To promote green development, we should pay attention to the research and practical exploration of ecological capital accounting, and gradually turn green development into public welfare activities provided by the government, social groups and individuals into daily economic activities in which more enterprises and individuals participate; Accelerate the formation of a legal system and policy orientation for green production and consumption, and establish and improve the economic system of green and low-carbon circular development; Form a market-oriented green technology innovation system, develop green finance and actively explore effective ways for green development to drive underdeveloped areas out of poverty.

　　Fifth, make better use of both domestic and international markets and resources. China is still a developing country. Compared with developed countries, we are still in the catch-up period, and we cannot be complacent. We need to continue to learn advanced technology and experience from developed countries and integrate into the global division of labor system at a higher level. This is the reason why China is no longer short of funds on the whole, but we still want to introduce foreign capital. On the other hand, we should actively and steadily go out and connect with high-quality elements such as technology, management, supply chain, marketing channels, brands and talents in the international value chain, comprehensively enhance the international competitiveness of China’s industries and enterprises, and form an open economic system with more breadth and depth.