Original Elephant Association Elephantia Elephant Association

Proficiency in OEM technology can’t help artistic creation skip the missing lessons.

Text | kai tak

When it comes to "domestic special effects", people usually think of ridicule, such as:

Why does Hua Qiangu use special effects to make buns?

Steamed buns are sold for one piece, and the special effects are only fifty cents!

Texiao steamed bun

However, this is somewhat unfair. Today, many Hollywood films have also found special effects produced by China’s team. At least in technology, "domestic special effects" are no longer far from the international advanced level.

Moreover, unlike TV dramas, which try their best to reduce the cost of special effects, some domestic blockbusters spend a lot of money and effort on audio-visual effects, and they also emphasize how their special effects are shocking and how to catch up with the world’s first-class. The released publicity is also dazzling enough to look after.

The film "Grand Prix" once advertised itself as "the special effects in other people’s films are also available in domestic films"

In the end, the audience’s word of mouth still ends in the street.

"It looks fake", "stiff", "like a page tour advertisement" and "a sense of plastic" are the comments they usually get, and the producers also hit back from time to time, saying that these comments are all based on prejudice against domestic films.

However, it is undeniable that, no matter from which country, the special effects of some movies are more fake than others. Where does this "fake" come from?

Over-reliance on a single technology

Almost all blockbusters judged as "fake" have a common problem: the whole film is piled with too many special effects of computer imaging technology (CGI).

For example, Battle of Midway, which was released at the end of 2019, is a rare epic war film, but it has a poor reputation among ordinary audiences who are ready to experience the sensory stimulation of the big screen. Many bad reviews have compared this film with Pearl Harbor in 2001, complaining about the war scenes in the film. "It’s like watching people play games! 」

Pearl Harbor, by contrast, has been released for almost 20 years, and its "real" war scene comes from more appropriate special effects production.

The visual effects for Pearl Harbor are produced by the industrial light and magic company, which is well known in the field of film and television special effects. In the face of Pearl Harbor, a film based on historical events, in order to reproduce historical moments on the screen, they found the blueprint of Oklahoma in this real battle and made an equal-scale model of warships and planes. The final scene is a perfect combination of physical model, computer special effects and real shot pictures.

Of course, McCabe got a bunch of modern boats to set off fireworks, and nothing was saved.

In "Battle of Midway", the fighters and warships in the war scenes are completely generated by computers:

Compared with the "indigenous method" special effects of comprehensive shooting, there are always some unavoidable injuries in the scenes made entirely by CGI.

The first is human intuition: characters generated entirely by CGI always deviate from the expectations of the human brain when they move. For example, clone soldiers in Star Wars will never March like real armies.

CGI special effects often violate the physical laws of the real world, even some recognized masterpieces are inevitable.

In "Lord of the Rings 3", Orlando Bloom slipped down from the mammoth who ran to the ground and overcame inertia to land firmly;

Terminator, a steel warrior weighing tons, floats like a doll thrown by a little girl:

This kind of distortion causes the virtual characters or objects to have no "sense of weight". The best comparative case is two fights in Black Panther.

One is a real hand-to-hand combat:

One is a special effect generated by full CGI:

Maybe the special effects team knew that the effect was not good, so they made the background extremely dark.

Another kind of distortion comes from the face of virtual characters, that is, the "horror valley effect" that CGI technology has not been able to break through so far-because people’s brains are particularly keen on recognizing faces, and the smallest differences will be very dazzling, which makes CGI-made faces look as strange as zombies, such as Superman in Justice League.

The light and shadow of CGI pictures are also easy to be overlooked. In the real world, there may be countless subtle and difficult interactions between the illumination received by an object and the natural environment background, people, animals and other objects, which is difficult to be restored by CGI.

The Alien series has always been a landmark classic of real-action special effects in the film history. From the alien egg to the eight-foot monster, the texture and light and shadow of all models are printed on the big screen.

The oversaturated color scheme is also a common "wrong" part of CGI special effects, and in order to pursue the ultimate stimulation of vision, the strong contrast color scheme of blue and yellow is becoming more and more popular in the later stage of today’s movies. This may be a bit abstract, just look at the pictures. The previous one is Jurassic World in 2015, and the latter one is from the old Jurassic Park:

In the high-definition era, CGI technology has fallen into a dilemma: the special effects defects in the film era can still be hidden in low-resolution images, and at the HFR resolution of 4K or even higher, insufficient details will make people find out to cut corners at a glance, but if the details are overdone, it is more like "playing games" visually, and this degree is difficult to grasp.

However, since there are so many shortcomings, why is CGI technology so popular today?

A visual feast of "cheap and good quality"

In a word, CGI technology is not only the cheapest, but also much cheaper than alternative means to achieve a large dose of visual impact on the screen.

Film was an art of optical illusion when it was born, and the appearance of film special effects was earlier than that of electronic computers. Early special effects can only be realized by simply using shooting and editing techniques, such as jumping and cutting, overprinting, using miniature models and props and costumes. Later, there were "photographic special effects", including chemical treatment of film, such as scaling, composition, double exposure, etc. Blue screen matting also belongs to this kind of special effects.

The actor who plays Godzilla puts on props and walks through the miniature city.

This kind of film and television special effect without CGI is now called practical effect, which is different from the "visual effects" presented by CGI technology in post-production. Of course, this distinction was only made after CGI technology was widely popularized in the 1990s.

Rough real-time special effects are very common. Most of the "five-hair special effects" in China’s childhood memories of 1980s and 1990s belong to real-life special effects. For example, the underwater Dragon Palace in Journey to the West was shot with a fish tank in front of the camera.

The Monkey King repeatedly pulled out a finger on the picture of changing into a dog and a bird, which is also a special effect realized by jumping scissors. In order to prevent the picture from being too abrupt, a puzzling firework was added to cover it up.

In the era when real-time special effects are in the mainstream, it often takes a lot of manpower, working hours and funds to let the audience see the magnificent scenes, so that people can’t see too many flaws. Once the production is not detailed enough, even at a glance, obvious "processing marks" can be found. At that time, "blockbusters" were rare and expensive, and they almost certainly came from famous artists.

The maturity of CGI significantly reduced the cost of special effects and pushed the cinema audio-visual into a new era. When this special effect is combined with the traditional special effect means, when it first appears in large numbers on the screen, people will not experience "falsehood", but it is "so realistic".

The children who watched Jurassic Park in the cinema are now middle-aged, but the impact at that time is still as clear as yesterday. "I don’t believe that dinosaur is a computer special effect now! 」

The model designer is making a dinosaur model in Jurassic Park.

The market demand makes CGI special effects specialized and industrialized rapidly, bringing together a large amount of funds and global creative talents to achieve better visual effects at lower cost, thus lowering the threshold of "blockbuster".

As a result, some films with poor ideas and production can also be decent in appearance by piling up CGI, which is expected to hit the box office record.

Special effects can’t help movies overtake corners.

However, the application of CGI in movies still belongs to artistic creation, and whether directors, actors and behind-the-scenes teams can be organically integrated is still the key to the Excellence of movies today.

Moreover, the new technology has completely changed the performance itself, which has brought higher challenges to the ability of directors and actors.

There are many movies about King Kong in Hollywood history, and most of the time they are just scary "monsters".

In 2005, Peter Jackson’s "King Kong" made the audience feel the same with this "monster" for the first time: with the help of motion capture technology, the special effects team accurately reproduced the "performance" of actor andy serkis, including the body and facial movements, under the fur of King Kong.

Relying on CGI special effects technology, King Kong’s "performance" is no longer a blunt action, but its emotions can also be interpreted by actors, from a pure monster to a role that can interact with the audience emotionally.

As for the "fake" defect of CGI, on the one hand, we can make up for it by increasing the investment in special effects production, on the other hand, excellent directors and actors can control the audience’s attention enough to make people unaware. When the audience is immersed in the film itself and gathers on the stories and characters, they will not notice whether the special effects as the background are flawed.

When you were traveling in the outer space of Gravity, how much of this shot do you think came from CGI?

The answer is revealed:

This principle can also explain why some special effects of "blockbusters" are so dazzling: there are too many single special effects piled up in the whole film, and the film itself tastes like chewing wax, and the performance is not good enough. The audience who can’t get into the plot can only stare at the special effects pictures on the screen.

When CGI is used as a tool to add points to a good story and an actor’s excellent performance, it is icing on the cake, but trying to stimulate the eye only by the "big scene" piled up by CGI can’t change the fate of a bad film.

Shanghai Fortress, which spent a lot of money on special effects, couldn’t sleep late at night, posted a video of special effects scenes on Weibo, and went straight to the soul for four consecutive questions. If you know this, you can have a good sleep.

References:

[1] Industrial Light Magic official website

Pearl Harbor

[2] stan Winston Studio official website

https://www.stanwinstonschool.com/

[3]Richard Rickitt: Special Effects: The History and Technique, Billboard Books; 2nd edition, 2007; ISBN 0-8230-8408-6

[4]Paul A. Woods (2005). "Kong Cometh!" . Peter Jackson: From Gore to Mordor. London: Plexus Books. pp. 176–187. ISBN 0-85965-356-0.

[5]The Beast Within: The Making of ‘Alien’ (Video 2003)

[6]https://www.lafilm.edu/blog/practical-effects-vs-cgi-2/

Original title: "Why the special effects of domestic blockbusters are fake | Elephant Guild"

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　　Cctv news(Reporter: Li Shanshan, Liu Wei, Zhang Ke, Meng Lizhen, Yu Xiaodan): "Inform the medical staff to get ready!"

　　At 6: 33 pm on June 18th, a professional medical helicopter landed on the tarmac near Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital. The 56-year-old Liu was lying on a stretcher and escorted off the plane by medical staff.

　　Because of his serious injury, he was transferred from Changning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine for further treatment. This is the most critical injured person admitted to Changning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine within 20 hours after the earthquake.

　　At 22: 55 on June 17th, an earthquake of magnitude 6.0 occurred in Changning County, Yibin City, Sichuan Province. As of press time, the earthquake has caused 13 deaths and 211 injuries.　

　　How many people, a sleepless night!

　　CCTV reporters contacted several witnesses of the earthquake — — They are the children’s mothers, grandmothers’ grandsons, teachers of students, and rescuers who braved the aftershocks to rush to the disaster area at the first time … … The early warning sounded, and the sky shook. At that moment, some of them rushed out with their infant children, while others overcame their fears and chose to stay.

　　"Grandma is lying in bed, always telling me to run by myself, and I am crying!"

　　Xiaoning, 25, was in Zhenxingyuan Community, Cuiping District, Yibin when the earthquake occurred.

　　Two days ago, I went home to visit my grandmother because she was not feeling well, but I didn’t expect to catch up with the earthquake. At that time, I was watching TV at home. At about 22:55, I suddenly felt a violent shake and the chandelier in the living room fell.

　　My heart thumped a panic, the earthquake!

　　At that time, my parents went to my grandmother’s house, and only my grandmother and I were at home. I quickly ran to the bedroom, planning to take grandma with me to escape.

　　Grandma is paralyzed in bed and weighs more than 130 Jin, while I only weigh 100 Jin. I tried to carry my grandmother twice, but it didn’t work. At that time, my legs were weak and my brain was almost blank. I was really desperate and afraid of dying like this.

　　I was still studying in Shenzhen when the 5.12 earthquake struck, which was the first time I experienced such a strong earthquake. Because of fear, I once had a selfish thought in my heart. I want to run by myself, but I can see my grandmother. I really can’t leave her alone. I have too much reluctance and unbearable feelings.

　　I was brought up by my grandmother, who loved me very much since I was a child. My position in my heart is higher than anyone else’s, even my parents are not as good as my grandmother’s position in my heart. Grandma’s life is my life!

　　I can’t bear to run by myself, so I simply won’t run. Grandma cried when she saw that I didn’t want to run! Yelling at me all the time: "Run".

　　In order to distract my grandmother, I thought of a way to sit on the bed and set up a dragon gate (chat) with my grandmother.

　　Xiao Ning and Grandma take a group photo (photo courtesy of me)

　　I told her that I made a girlfriend in Shenzhen and I will bring it back for the Spring Festival this year. Grandma almost forgot that there was an earthquake at that time when she heard the news. She asked me if it was true and why I hadn’t heard of it before, and said that she would bring it back to her for the Mid-Autumn Festival.

　　From the age of 21, every time I go home, my grandmother will ask me if I have a girlfriend. This matter has become a top priority in my grandmother’s heart, because she is afraid that she will not see me get married!

　　God bless, grandma and I are all right in the end. After the main earthquake, my neighbors came up to help and took my grandmother and me to the outdoor. Perhaps it is because of the 5.12 earthquake. Everyone didn’t panic too much.

　　My parents knew that there was an earthquake and came back from other places overnight, knowing that I didn’t run out the first time, and I was a little scared: "It’s one to run!"

　　I also know that the situation is critical, but if I really run away alone, how helpless my grandmother will be. I am even more afraid that my grandmother will leave like this. If I can’t say goodbye to my grandmother because of my cowardice, I think I will look down on myself in my life, let alone forgive myself.　

　　"Children, go to sleep, I will watch over you."

　　Zhang Lingling, a math teacher in Grade Three, has been teaching for 5 years.

　　When the earthquake happened, I was at home, living on the 20 th floor, and the house shook violently. My husband grabbed me and ran to the toilet, and I was very scared.

　　After the house stopped shaking, I turned on my mobile phone and saw the notice from the school. I rushed to the school immediately. It’s a 10-minute walk, and there are many people standing outside along the way.

　　At school, more than 1000 children have been transferred from the dormitory to the playground. They are a little scared, because the oldest child was only two or three years old in the 2008 earthquake.

　　Not long after, it rained, and we retreated to the classroom. The teachers didn’t dare to sleep a wink all night.

　　Originally, the children were supposed to go back to the dormitory to rest in the morning, but around seven o’clock in the morning, the aftershocks were very strong. According to the emergency measures, the school arranged for all teachers and students to continue to rest in the classroom. The headmaster and all the male teachers, as well as the head teacher, are responsible for the inspection.

　　"I was in high school in the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. As a student, I was not afraid at that time. In the 2019 earthquake, I have been teaching for almost five years. As a teacher, I am really scared. Children, go to sleep, I will guard you, and everything will be fine! "

　　This is an Weibo I posted at school around 3 am, an unintentional record. I didn’t expect to get so many praises, but I am just an ordinary teacher!

　　I was in high school during the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, maybe I was young, and there were teachers, so I didn’t know I was afraid at that time. The teachers and students of the whole school slept in the playground together, which was still very fresh. Because of the earthquake, we also had a holiday.

　　This time, as a teacher, I suddenly felt particularly afraid of accidents, and the whole person was particularly nervous. I don’t know why, maybe this is the teacher.

　　Fortunately, at present, all the teachers and students in the school are well, and there are no casualties.

　　Maybe this Weibo will save my daughter’s life.

　　Jingjing, a nursing mother, was in Ruijingwan Community, Changning County, Yibin City during the earthquake.

　　My home is in Ruijingwan Community, Changning County, Yibin City, Sichuan Province, about 30 kilometers away from the epicenter.

　　At ten o’clock in the evening, I breast-fed my child as usual and prepared to rest, but the clock on the wall suddenly fell and the glass began to shake. After the main earthquake, my mother-in-law said to go out quickly. I held my daughter and my mother-in-law ran out with her sister’s three-year-old son on her back.

　　When I went downstairs, I saw other residents in the community going out one after another, and people who were busy getting dressed were scolded for "coming out quickly".

　　After hiding outside for a while, I was hesitating whether to go home or not when the aftershock came.

　　Some people say that there will be more aftershocks after 3 o’clock. Although it was later proved to be a rumor, who can be rational as a mother at this time?

　　We decided to continue to take refuge outside. At that time, I was scared, but I couldn’t cry. I was nursing my daughter and comforting my sister’s children.

　　Mother-in-law went back to get some children’s clothes, diapers and umbrellas. Less than 1 o’clock, it began to rain lightly. We walked outside the community, and it was very difficult, carrying clothes and holding children. The umbrella could only be covered by children.

　　I looked around and wanted to find a safe and sheltered place for my children. Next door to the exit of the community is the procuratorate. There is an open space in front, and the buildings next to it are not high and relatively safe. The guard uncle watched us holding the child, asked a young man inside to give me his seat, and temporarily set up a stool for her mother-in-law with a box.

　　At the entrance guard of five or six square meters, there were more than a dozen people sitting, which was crowded and sultry.

　　I made the worst plan and took out my mobile phone to edit Weibo. In case we are really buried, maybe this Weibo will save my daughter’s life.

　　Jingjing Weibo screenshot

　　From the time I ran out to Weibo, I didn’t cry, but after a while, I opened the message of Weibo, a netizen. Many strangers sincerely hoped that we would be safe, and tears welled up.

　　When we got home at 2: 30, we moved the marble dining table to the front of the sofa and hid under it in case of another aftershock.

　　I slept until 5 o’clock in a daze, and there was another aftershock. I quickly squatted on my daughter.

　　What the earthquake gave me was not the aftershock, but the fear that I could not protect my daughter. I am glad that my husband is on a business trip in other places to avoid disaster. In case something bad happens to me, the child and the father.

　　"The situation is so critical that he may die at any time."

　　Chen Kang,Captain of National Emergency Medical Rescue (Sichuan) Team　

　　At 6: 33 pm on June 18th, 56-year-old Liu was transferred to Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital.

　　The patient was hit by a wall and was seriously injured in many parts of his body. After being sent to the hospital, he developed symptoms such as organ failure, internal bleeding, fracture and coma. The situation is so critical that he may die at any time.

　　The existing medical facilities and conditions of Changning County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine have been difficult to provide follow-up treatment services. After the evaluation of Changning County 6.17 earthquake medical and health rescue headquarters, it was finally decided to transfer to another hospital for treatment.

　　The hospital convened a team of experts from emergency trauma medicine, intensive care medicine, radiation intervention, orthopedics, thoracic surgery, nephrology and other related majors for consultation, and immediately performed interventional surgery and tried their best to rescue them. The operation started at 7: 50 pm on June 18th and lasted for 90 minutes. The patient’s vital signs were stable and he was transferred to ICU for observation and treatment.

　　Saving lives is the most important thing. Previously, I participated in many large-scale medical rescue operations including Jiuzhaigou earthquake. The most profound feeling this time is that the professional ability of medical rescue is getting stronger and stronger, and the emergency response time and rescue speed have been greatly improved.

　　For example, after the earthquake, west china hospital Telemedicine Center started the remote emergency plan as soon as possible, and adopted "dual track system" (dedicated line in the disaster area during the day and emergency consultation channel at night) and "two channels" (remote consultation platform and regional collaborative cloud conference system) to provide 24-hour free dedicated line remote consultation service for the earthquake-stricken areas, striving for the best emergency time for the wounded.　

　　From 3: 00 a.m. to 4: 00 p.m. on June 18, more than 80 people were injured by my hand, the youngest being a three-month-old baby and the oldest being over 90 years old. Thanks to more and more professional medical rescue, these injured people turned to safety.

　　Volunteers from Yibin City played games with their children in the earthquake zone to provide psychological comfort.

　　Although they are worried, they are glad that they are safe.

　　As of press time, the Sichuan Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps dispatched 10 detachments of earthquake rescue forces, totaling 116 fire engines, 526 commanders and 4 search and rescue dogs, to the scene to rescue 20 trapped people;

　　The National Health and Wellness Committee immediately coordinated and guided the Sichuan Provincial Health and Wellness Committee to organize emergency medical rescue work, and sent responsible comrades of the Health Emergency Office to lead a total of 9 people from the National Medical and Health Emergency Expert Group to the disaster area on the early 18th.

　　… …

　　Rescue continues after the earthquake.

　　At 0: 47 on the 18th, CCTV reporters saw the first video picture sent back from the rescue site in the "Yibin Earthquake Rescue" media WeChat group built by the Fire and Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department, with a duration of 1 minute and 30 seconds.

　　The video shows that a young girl wearing a white shirt and denim shorts and barefoot was successfully rescued. Dozens of rescuers gathered around, flashlights, and warned to be careful. Among them, there are fire officers and soldiers and local people.

　　According to CCTV reporter’s verification, the girl’s name is Li Yuqin. She is 15 years old and has multiple soft tissue injuries all over her body.

　　Lying in the hospital bed, Yu Qin choked with gratitude: "Without them, I might really not be able to persist … … It is because of such a group of people in the motherland that we have a better future! "

　　The "group of people" she thanked are still struggling in the front line of earthquake relief.

　　CCTV News:On November 1, the State Council held a press conference on "Promoting the high-quality development of health and protecting people’s health". At the meeting, Wang Hesheng, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Commission and director of the National Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention, introduced that immunization planning is an important work with remarkable results and wide influence in the cause of disease control and prevention in China. The immunization coverage rate of school-age children in China has remained above 90%, and various vaccines can prevent the incidence of infectious diseases from falling to the lowest level in history. Conscientiously implement the Vaccine Management Law, continuously improve the policies of immunization planning, strengthen the construction of vaccination service system, and ensure the scientific, standardized and orderly development of immunization planning.

　　Wang Hesheng said that the number of immunization programs provided by the state to residents free of charge has increased to "14 vaccines against 15 diseases", and the central government has invested more than 3 billion yuan annually. Many provinces have continuously expanded the types of immunization program vaccines in their own provinces in light of the actual situation. In addition, in some places, people such as the "one old and one young" are vaccinated with influenza and other vaccines free of charge, and a four-level immunization planning monitoring and management system covering the country, province, city and county and a three-level vaccination service network covering the county, township and village are established. It has realized the docking between the national and provincial immunization planning information system platforms, and between the provincial immunization planning information system and the national vaccine traceability collaborative platform, further improving the quality and efficiency of vaccination work.

　　Wang Hesheng said that it will continue to strengthen the standardized management of vaccination, use information technology to promote cross-regional information interconnection and data sharing, launch a pilot program of electronic vaccination certificates, promote the realization of "letting data run more and people run less errands", and improve the accessibility and convenience of vaccination services.

　　Cctv newsIt is basic legal knowledge that the court decides a case and serves the plaintiff and the defendant with the same judgment document. However, in a contract dispute case tried by Suizhong County People’s Court in Liaoning Province, the original defendant and the defendant actually got two completely different judgment documents.

　　What is even more incredible is that the same group of judges tried this case, and the judgment documents with different results have exactly the same case number. How did such an absurd thing happen?

　　In order to find out why this case happened, the reporter first found the plaintiff, Zhao Hongli. Zhao Hongli told the reporter that the cause of this case was a dispute between him and the defendant Li Guofa on the beach subcontracting contract.

　　Judging from the beach subcontracting contract provided by Zhao Hongli, the 50 mu of land was indeed leased in the name of Zhao Hongli.

　　Zhao Hongli told reporters that after he subcontracted 10 mu of beach land to Li Guofa, he found that Li Guofa had not fulfilled the promise between them, but subletted the 10 mu of beach land to a third party.

　　In 2012, Zhao Hongli filed a lawsuit with Suizhong County People’s Court as the plaintiff, and took Li Guofa and other three defendants to court. In fact, the case of this beach subcontract dispute is not complicated, but Zhao Hongli said that he has not waited for the court’s trial result for more than a year since the case was filed. Therefore, Zhao Hongli decided to apply for withdrawing the prosecution.

　　On July 16, 2013, Zhao Hongli filed an application to the Suizhong County People’s Court to withdraw the lawsuit. On the same day, Suizhong County People’s Court granted the request to withdraw the lawsuit and served him with a civil ruling granting the withdrawal of the lawsuit. Although the lawsuit was withdrawn, the contract dispute was not resolved. For this reason, two years after receiving the written decision to withdraw the lawsuit, Zhao Hongli once again brought Li Guofa and others to court for other reasons. Suizhong County People’s Court also filed a case again and held a hearing. However, in this trial, the defendant produced the judgment of that case in 2012.

　　Zhao Hongli told reporters that it was the first time he knew that the defendant had a verdict. At this time, it has been more than two years since the first lawsuit was withdrawn and closed.

　　These are the two judgment documents in this case, one for the defendant and the other for the plaintiff. The verdict in the judgment issued by the defendant Li Guofa is that the plaintiff Zhao Hongli knew that the land had been transferred, not that the plaintiff didn’t know it, so the court did not support the plaintiff Zhao Hongli’s request to return the right to use the beach land. The verdict is as follows: the plaintiff Zhao Hongli’s claim is rejected. Presiding judge: Li Lincheng, judges: Liu Yanshun and Gao Yunshan; Time: May 29th, 2013.

　　On the other hand, it is written in the civil ruling issued by the plaintiff. On July 16th, 2013, the plaintiff filed an application to withdraw the lawsuit. The court thinks that the plaintiff’s application is in compliance with the law, and according to Article 145 of the Civil Procedure Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the ruling is as follows: Zhao Hongli, the plaintiff, is allowed to withdraw the lawsuit. The presiding judge and the judge are the same as those in the judgment, namely: Li Lincheng, Liu Yanshun and Gao Yunshan. Time: July 16th, 2013.

　　It can be seen from these two judgment documents that not only the case number is the same, but also the undertaker of the case. It’s just that the time is different. The verdict comes first and the lawsuit is dropped last. So how did this judgment come from? To this end, the reporter dialed the telephone of the defendant Li Guofa.

　　The phone couldn’t get through, and the reporter went to Li Guofa again, trying to find Li Guofa to understand the situation.

　　Later, the reporter called Fu Jinling, the second defendant in the case, but the phone could not get through.

　　Why are there two different judgment documents in the same case?

　　In order to verify the authenticity of this judgment, the reporter followed Zhao Hongli to the Suizhong County People’s Court and retrieved the case file of the second prosecution in 2015.

　　In the evidence of this case file, the reporter found this judgment. It seems that this judgment was indeed presented and submitted to the court as evidence. Then the question comes, why are there two completely different judgment documents in the same case?

　　According to the president of Suizhong County People’s Court, the case in 2012 should have been closed by judgment, but why the case was closed by judgment was allowed to be withdrawn? The president’s answer was faltering. The judgment was not served on the plaintiff, and Li Guofa was the only one of the three defendants who had this judgment. If this judgment came into effect, then why was the plaintiff allowed to withdraw the lawsuit? Faced with these doubts, a vice president of Suizhong County People’s Court gave a new statement.

　　In fact, if you want to judge which of the two ruling documents in this case in 2012 is effective, the key is to see whether the court finally closes the case by judgment or by withdrawing the lawsuit. Subsequently, Suizhong County People’s Court took out the case file of this case in 2012, from which it can be seen that this case was indeed closed by withdrawing the lawsuit.

　　According to the provisions of the Civil Procedure Law, after the court makes a judgment on the case, the case should be closed by judgment, but it is strange that the Suizhong County People’s Court did not close the case by judgment, but closed the case by withdrawing the lawsuit. Why is this?

　　From this point of view, the judgment was only served to one of the three defendants, and perhaps only the undertaker of the case at that time, the presiding judge Li Lincheng, knew the secrets best.

　　When the reporter asked to see the undertaker of this case, that is, the presiding judge Li Lincheng, the Suizhong County People’s Court refused us for various reasons.

　　The judgment document was obviously wrong and passed the examination.

　　The president and vice president of Suizhong County People’s Court have successively admitted that these two completely different judgment documents were indeed issued by Suizhong County People’s Court. Let’s look at these two co-accused judgment documents. Both the judgment and the ruling on withdrawal of the case are stamped with the seal of Suizhong County People’s Court.

　　In a case with the same case number, there are two completely different judgment documents. Did they go through the audit procedure before being sealed? How did the court seal it?

　　Why hasn’t Suizhong County People’s Court handled such an obvious mistake since the case was closed in 2013?

　　In fact, it can be seen from the trial transcript when Zhao Hongli sued again in 2015 that in the cross-examination of the defendant, the second evidence produced by the defendant was: a judgment of Sui Min Sha Chu Zi No.00363 in 2012. At that time, the plaintiff’s attorney pointed out: how can a judgment be issued? I provide the withdrawal ruling in this case to prove it. In court, the presiding judge responded: it is indeed a case number. And put this judgment as evidence in the case file.

　　When the reporter asked how the Suizhong County People’s Court would solve the two judgment documents in this case, the president of the court replied to the reporter like this.

　　However, on November 21, 2018, the plaintiff Zhao Hongli received a civil ruling from the Suizhong County People’s Court. This ruling reads: The civil ruling (2012) Sui Min Sha Chu Zi No.00363 made by our hospital on July 16, 2013 on the case of fishery contract dispute between Zhao Hongli, the plaintiff in the original trial, and Li Guofa, the defendant in the original trial, has taken legal effect. After the president of our hospital submitted it to the judicial Committee for discussion, it was considered that the ruling was indeed wrong and should be retried.

　　It is puzzling that the case that was originally settled by withdrawing the lawsuit, according to the former vice president of Suizhong County People’s Court, the judgment in this case is invalid and should be withdrawn. Then why didn’t the Judicial Committee of Suizhong County People’s Court correct the previous judgment, but decided that the legally effective ruling on withdrawal of the lawsuit was wrong, and what was the purpose of doing so?

　　Why did it go wrong? Why make mistakes again and again?

　　Justice is first and foremost a procedure. To make people feel fair and just from the case, we must first ensure the procedural justice of the judiciary. In a civil case with obvious errors in trial procedure, Suizhong County People’s Court turned a blind eye for several years. Instead of actively correcting the errors, it misinterpreted the provisions of the law on trial procedure.

　　A series of obvious questions, it seems that the court staff in the film can’t give an answer. In a big way, this not only affects everyone’s trust in the judiciary, but also affects everyone’s confidence in judicial justice. In daily work, handle cases strictly according to law; In the face of mistakes, we can take the initiative to correct them, so as to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and defend the dignity of the law.

　　Three meals a day is essential for everyone, but if you don’t pay attention to food hygiene, eating expired and deteriorated food by mistake will cause poisoning. What is such a mild food poisoning symptom? Let’s look at what are the mild food poisoning symptoms.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning:

　　The most common symptoms of food poisoning are severe vomiting and diarrhea, accompanied by upper and middle abdominal pain. Food poisoning patients often have dehydration symptoms due to vomiting and diarrhea, such as dry mouth, sunken nests, loss of elasticity, cold limbs, weak pulse, low blood pressure, etc., and finally can cause shock. There are many different types of food poisoning.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 1. When salmonella food poisoning occurs, it may show high fever, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, watery stools with diarrhea, etc. In severe cases, it may cause convulsions and coma, and may die if the rescue is not timely. It is often caused by eating meat, eggs and aquatic products contaminated by bacteria, especially dead livestock meat.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 2. Vibrio parahaemolyticus food poisoning, with acute onset, low fever, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea, mostly recovered within one week. Eating fish and crabs raw or eating meat, salted eggs and pickles contaminated by bacteria can cause poisoning.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 3. Staphylococcal enterotoxin food poisoning, mainly manifested as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc., especially vomiting. It is often caused by eating dairy products, meat products and leftovers contaminated by bacteria.

　　Symptoms of mild food poisoning 4. Botulinum poisoning is the abbreviation of Clostridium botulinum toxin poisoning, which is the most serious in bacterial food poisoning. The onset has its own characteristics, except dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms, mainly manifested as blurred vision, diplopia, drooping eyelids, difficulty in opening eyes, difficulty in swallowing, hoarseness and so on.

　　What about minor food poisoning?

　　First, vomiting

　　If you take it within 1 ~ 2 hours, you can use the method of inducing vomiting. Immediately take 20g of salt and add 200ml of boiling water to dissolve it, and then drink it once after cooling. If you don’t vomit, you can drink it several times to quickly promote vomiting. You can also mash 100g of fresh ginger to get juice and take it with 200ml of warm water. If you eat bad meat food, you can take ten drops of water to promote rapid vomiting. Some patients can also use chopsticks, fingers or goose feathers to stimulate the throat and cause vomiting.

　　Second, catharsis

　　If the patient takes food for a long time, generally more than 2 ~ 3 hours, and the spirit is good, he can take some laxatives to urge the poisoned food to be excreted as soon as possible. Generally, rhubarb 30g is decocted once, and 20g of Sodium Sulfate can be selected for elderly patients, which can relieve diarrhea by taking it with boiled water. For the elderly who are in good health, 15g of senna leaves can also be decocted once, or boiled water can be used to induce diarrhea.

　　Third, detoxification

　　If it is food poisoning caused by eating spoiled fish, shrimp, crabs, etc., it is advisable to add 200ml of water to 100ml of vinegar and take it once after dilution. In addition, 30g of Perilla frutescens and 10g of Radix Glycyrrhizae can be decocted once. If you eat spoiled drinks or preservatives by mistake, the best first aid method is to fill them with fresh milk or other protein-containing drinks.

Sylphy is a compact car, produced by Dongfeng Nissan and listed on January 1, 2024. The car’s body colors include pearlescent white, obsidian black and tungsten steel ash, and the energy type is gasoline, with 5 seats. Xuanyi’s manufacturer’s guide price ranges from 108,600 yuan to 174,900 yuan, the bare car price is 90,500 yuan, and the highest discount can reach 40,000 yuan. This car is loved by consumers for its kind interior materials, humanized design, comfortable seats, low fuel consumption and good power performance, and is very suitable for long-distance travel.

Special feature of 1905 film network In the summer of 2023, domestic animated films triggered a poetry reading craze among primary and secondary school students. China’s mythical epic films set a new record, which exceeded the audience’s imagination.At the same time, this "Chinese style" on the big screen has fallen into the embarrassing situation of being "found fault" one after another! ?

Netizens pointed out that Chang ‘an Three Wan Li distorted historical facts. For example, characters experience is not consistent with the truth, historical figures are washed away, and the time of poetry is disordered.

However, the first part of "Feng Shen" is caught in the arguments that the service of Buddhism is too gorgeous and the story character magic change is involved.

How did the opening way of Guofeng movies become "finding fault"? Should film and television works involving history strictly follow historical facts?

Indeed, there are indeed many film and television works in the market today that spread the wrong information under the signboard of mass entertainment. How should we face these two different voices?

As for the animated film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an", since it is a historical film, the audience will subconsciously regard it as a historical reference book when watching it. The audience will easily think that many things that happened in movies are historical facts that really happened in history.

When the audience leaves the cinema to read the history books, when they find that the real record is different from what happened in the movie, they will think that they have been deceived and deceived by the movie.

Among the comments of netizens, there is a comment that "the acceptance of popular science can’t keep up with entertainment". One of the most successful aspects of the film is that it uses visual and auditory communication methods that are popular and easily arouse the audience’s emotion and memory, and stimulates many people’s interest in history.

It is undeniable that the popularity of telling stories about historical themes in a serious way on the video platform is really not high. Therefore, we can also see that after the film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" was released, many historical and cultural bloggers used the film and influence to spread the story to more people. For example, the stories of Li Bai, Du Fu, Gao Shi, Emperor Taizong and Cheng Yuanzhen.

There are some reasonable adaptations in The Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, which are generally accepted by the audience. Among them, for the image of Gao Shi, the film has made a relatively large adaptation.

In the history of Gao Shi, he once wrote poems to Li Linfu and Yang Guozhong. At that time, Yang Guozhong launched a war against Nanzhao. As a result of the war, Tang Jun was completely annihilated, but Gao Shi boasted that Yang Guozhong had won the war. In fact, this can be said to be a "stain" of Gao Shi. But this is not reflected in the movie. In the film, Gao Shi’s image is very practical and willing to work, and he is not willing to take those crooked ways.

For example, in history, Gao Shi did not rescue Li Bai after the Anshi Rebellion. In order to highlight the image of Gao Shi, at the end of the film, he suggested that the audience borrowed Guo Ziyi to save Li Bai.

For the general audience, these two changes are mainly for the film plot service, and changing historical facts can also make the audience accept.

Besides, I also saw many netizens say that "the poems in Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an appear in the wrong order". Gao Shi’s "Yan Ge Xing" has such a historical background. At that time, a man from the frontier fortress saw Gao Shi and told him a lot about the frontier fortress. Gao Shi felt it in his heart, so he wrote "Yan Ge Xing".

In the movie, "Yan Ge Xing" was written by Gao Shi on the poem board pavilion in the post station when he came home from northern Hebei. This adaptation of the film can be described as ingenious. Because Gao Shi had just experienced a few years of military camp life at that time, there was a backlog of emotions in his heart. At the same time, there is also a backlog of emotions in the hearts of the audience. I believe the audience’s viewing experience has reached a climax when the film shows the high-quality "the northeastern border of China was dark with smoke and dust" with animation.

With the popularity of Guofeng movies, many netizens are holding "magnifying glasses" to "find fault" with Guofeng movies. Indeed, many movies contain historical distortions and magic change, which is hard for the audience to accept.

For example, for the character Cheng Gonggong, friends who are familiar with history can easily infer that Cheng Gonggong’s historical prototype is Cheng Yuanzhen. During the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, Cheng Yuanzhen was a great eunuch who was in power in the ruling and opposition, and was the chief culprit indirectly leading to the Tubo occupation of Chang ‘an. So at this point, the changes in the film are not very satisfactory to most audiences who are familiar with history.

Another film, Feng Shen Part I, which was adapted from the novel Feng Shen Romance in Ming Dynasty and the Song and Yuan Dynasties dialect, is a drastic adaptation of the original work.

Different from Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, the film Feng Shen Part I is an epic mythological film in its positioning, which is different from the historical story of Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an, and we should look at it with another standard.

The original works related to the deity IP have a long history, and there are many Machamp gods in the movies, so we can’t be too demanding about how close their movies are to historical facts in historical records. After all, no one has seen immortals or ghosts. Therefore, there is a lot of room for the service of Buddhism in the first part of Feng Shen. Compared with historicity, in fact, what we should pay more attention to is its characterization and its plot.

The images of Zhou Wang and da ji, including Ji Fa, in Feng Shen I are quite different from those in the past. In the adaptation of the image of Zhou Wang Yin Shou, the director hopes that the characters should have their own original motivation, and the ruin of the country is fundamentally caused by the ruler’s own defects, his own fatuity and his own greed, so the film "The First Part of the Gods" series readjusted the setting of Yin Shou. Zhou Wang changed from "passive evil" to "active evil", and many viewers commented that "this kind of Yin Shou is both handsome and emotional".

On the other hand, the current film audience’s strict requirements on the historical truth and historical objectivity in the works of national style show the audience’s concern and love for the theme on a large scale. For example, as the first work of the series of deities directed by Wu Ershan, the audience knows that there are also the second and third parts.

Including the animated film "Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an" produced by light-chasing animation, which is the first in the "New Culture" series, and other animated films in this series will be launched to meet the audience in the future.

From this point of view, the first step of series creation has been taken, and the audience’s attention and evaluation perspective have also gathered here. The audience also hopes that more excellent and progressive film works can flood into the market.

Film and television creation is not a textbook, so we should look at the films with a tolerant attitude. After all, film is the product of artistic creation, which is different from real history, and it is also different from documentary. There are many ways to know history, and the more important or effective way is to read books or go to museums to listen to tour guides.

On the other hand, with the improvement of the audience’s aesthetic experience, the pressure on film and television art creators is increasing. In the historical creation of the theme of national customs, the creators need to grasp a scale of adaptation and follow the principle of "the big points are not empty, and the small points are not limited".

I also hope that there will be more movies like Three Wan Li in Chang ‘an and The First Part of Gods, which will enrich the audience’s viewing experience.

　　China Academy of Engineering and China Academy of Sciences have announced the list of newly-appointed foreign academicians, which has aroused social concern. So, is a foreign academician just a title? What kind of foreign experts can be elected? What role will they play in the development of science and technology in China?

　　How to be elected as a foreign academician

　　What kind of foreign experts can be elected as foreign academicians of China Academy of Engineering? According to the Constitution of China Academy of Engineering, foreign experts and scholars who have a high level of engineering science and technology and enjoy a good reputation in the world, and who have contributed to the development of engineering science and technology in China or played an important role in promoting international exchanges in China’s engineering science and technology circles can be nominated and elected as foreign academicians of China Academy of Engineering.

　　Among the 18 new foreign academicians of the Academy of Engineering, there are a number of international "big coffees" such as Bill Gates, former chairman of Microsoft, An Daolin, president of the Royal Academy of Engineering, Leo Raphael Leif, president of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Sontsev Constantine Aleksandrovic, executive vice president of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is reported that this year’s co-option for foreign academicians of China Academy of Engineering, the number of candidates nominated and the number of foreign academicians elected are the largest in all previous co-options for foreign academicians. The 18 foreign academicians elected are all academicians of their host countries, with high international prestige and influence.

　　According to the requirements of improving and perfecting the academician system, the Presidium of China Academy of Sciences further strengthened the organization and guidance for the election of foreign academicians, and increased the number of official candidates for foreign academicians from 14 in 2015 to 20. After voting by all academicians, 16 foreign academicians of China Academy of Sciences were elected in 2017. Among them, Andre Geim and James Fraser Stoddart are Nobel Prize winners.

　　In Poland, the Netherlands and Uzbekistan, scientists were elected as foreign academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for the first time this year. It is understood that under the premise of adhering to the standards of foreign academicians, the Chinese Academy of Sciences has focused on national candidates along the "Belt and Road" this year, and the country distribution of foreign academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has become more reasonable.

　　It’s a great honor to be elected because of fierce competition.

　　"The competition is fierce, and there are about 600 competitors," michael hoffman, a newly elected foreign academician of China Academy of Engineering and a famous American professor of environmental science and engineering, said in an interview with reporters at the California Institute of Technology where he works. "I was nominated by Professor Tsinghua University of China, and I feel very honored to be finally elected after screening at different levels."

　　Andre Geim, a Russian-born Dutch and British physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2010 and was elected as a foreign academician of China Academy of Sciences, said in an email interview, "In the past few decades, China Academy of Sciences has developed into a dynamic, relatively young club that gathers truly outstanding scientists … … It is an honor for me to be associated with this institution. " The professor who works for the British National Graphene Research Institute "looks forward to contributing to the further success of this institution".

　　Leo Raphael Leif, a new foreign academician of China Institute of Engineering and president of Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said in a statement to reporters: "I am deeply honored to be elected with 17 other outstanding foreign academicians. I have admired China Institute of Engineering for many years … … I am not only grateful for the recognition of China Academy of Engineering, but also grateful that this opportunity has opened up new ways of cooperation with China Academy of Engineering and colleagues. "

　　"It is a great honor for Chairman Bill Gates to be elected as a foreign academician of China Academy of Engineering." Lee Mai gentile, CEO of American Tara Energy Company, with Gates as the chairman, said. In a statement sent to reporters, the company said, "Gates’ achievements in the fields of commerce, science and technology have been recognized by the China Academy of Engineering. It’s great to see such diversified contributions of science and technology and commerce to innovation recognized by the China Academy of Engineering!"

　　Heart is tied to China.

　　Among the newly recruited foreign academicians, many have already integrated into the tide of China’s scientific and technological development, and are inextricably linked with the academic and industrial circles in China.

　　In recent years, Gates has visited China for many times as the chairman of Tara Energy Company to cooperate with related enterprises. Tara is a nuclear energy company, mainly devoted to the research and development of the fourth generation nuclear energy technology traveling wave reactor. At present, it has cooperated with China National Nuclear Corporation to jointly develop and promote the landing of traveling wave reactor.

　　Hoffman spends 60 to 70 days in China every year. Since 2012, he has been an overseas scholar in Tsinghua University. In addition, he has served as a visiting professor at Dalian University of Technology and a member of the Advisory Committee of South China University of Technology.

　　Hoffman said, "I have many doctoral students and postdoctoral researchers in China, and there are also many China researchers in my team at California Institute of Technology." In addition, with the support of the Gates Foundation, the solar health system he developed landed in Yixing, China, and two manufacturing enterprises were established.

　　"At MIT, we believe that knowledge-based service society can be promoted through collaboration and academic cooperation." Leif said. According to reports, the school has started a number of projects related to China, such as the establishment of China Future City Laboratory and the signing of "Urban Innovation Agreement" with Tsinghua University.

　　Make suggestions and expect to contribute.

　　Hoffman, who was elected as an academician of the American Academy of Engineering in 2011, talked about the different feelings of being elected as an academician of China and the United States. He pointed to the "Academician Certificate of the American Academy of Engineering" placed on his desk and said half-jokingly, "You see, I haven’t found a photo frame for it yet, but it is a great event to be elected as a foreign academician of the China Academy of Engineering. I feel very honored."

　　When talking about the obligation as an academician, Hoffman said that in addition to promoting scientific and technological progress, discovering talents and nominating new academician candidates are the basic requirements of the American Academy of Engineering.

　　However, "academician" does not necessarily represent authority. "At the California Institute of Technology, almost one third are academicians, and most scientists will not take the title of academician too seriously. No matter what you do, you always speak with the research results. Even the Nobel Prize winners have been criticized by California Institute of Technology ‘ Cut off ’ Laboratory. " He said.

　　As a new foreign academician in China, Hoffman’s first suggestion is that more and more China scientists should carry out independent creative work, instead of forming a pyramid-shaped scientific research echelon centered on a few scientists. He said that some scientific research institutions such as Peking University are developing in this direction.

　　"In the future, I will continue to promote advanced technology research and development, and transfer these technologies to China enterprises through the California Institute of Technology licensing agreement. I will continue to be a visiting professor in Tsinghua University and other schools to provide guidance for China students. " Hoffman said.

　　Among the newly elected foreign academicians, there are also many Chinese scholars. Kuo-Nan Liou, a professor of atmospheric science at UCLA, has been building bridges between China and the United States in the field of atmospheric and meteorological science since 1980s. He said that China will continue to promote scientific and technological progress, scientific personnel training and scientific and technological knowledge dissemination.

　　(This newspaper is comprehensive by Xinhua News Agency)

　　At the beginning of this year, many places began to start the reform of employee outpatient mutual aid security. This system, which concerns the interests of 354 million medical insurance participants, requires that the payment of benefits be tilted towards retirees. By the end of 2021, there were 93.24 million retired employees in the basic medical insurance system for employees.

　　At present, 31 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps have issued documents to improve the mutual aid guarantee mechanism for local employees’ medical insurance clinics. Among them, many provinces and cities stipulate that the outpatient payment limit and payment ratio of retirees are higher than those of on-the-job employees.

　　Even so, among the public opinions received by local medical insurance departments, retirees think that "after the reform, the level of treatment has decreased due to the reduction of the amount of personal accounts", accounting for the majority.

　　In the policy explanation, the medical insurance departments in many places clearly stated that after the reform, the personal accounts of most insured persons will be reduced in the current period. At the same time, they also used specific data and cases to explain to the public that for retirees who suffer from chronic diseases at their own expense, the benefits of outpatient mutual aid far exceed the reduction of personal accounts, often by reducing hundreds of yuan, reimbursing thousands or even thousands of yuan.

　　Medical insurance bureau, Hunan Province, said in "Interpretation of Policies on Improving Personal Accounts of Retired Workers" that the outpatient mutual aid mechanism is to use the law of large numbers to resolve the risks of social groups. The number of personal accounts for medical insurance is different from that of individuals at present, but in terms of system, mutual aid guarantee has a more risk prevention function. Workers’ medical insurance is not only a personal account and general outpatient co-ordination, but also a series of policies such as outpatient treatment of chronic and special diseases and hospitalization treatment, which constitute a complete security system.

　　A few days ago, CBN interviewed many experts in the industry on the hot issues of personal account reform of medical insurance that the public cares about. Experts generally believe that the medical insurance personal account has completed its historical mission for more than 20 years and its limitations are gradually becoming prominent. It is the general direction to gradually replace the personal account with outpatient mutual aid according to the principle of "rights replacement".

　　This is a reform that affects the whole body. In the long run, the insured will benefit from the reform, but in the short term, the interests of some people will be damaged. How to improve the supporting mechanism to make the insured more sense of acquisition is a key issue that must be paid attention to in the next step of reform.

　　CBN also learned from relevant departments that some targeted measures are being introduced one after another, for example, in order to facilitate patients to enjoy treatment nearby, support patients to settle accounts and dispense medicines in designated retail pharmacies with prescriptions, enjoy the same reimbursement treatment as those in medical institutions, and explore the inclusion of qualified "internet plus" medical services in the scope of protection to improve the convenience of enjoying treatment.

　　Q: At the beginning of this year, the reform of outpatient mutual aid was launched in many places. In some areas, retirees reported that the funds in personal accounts of medical insurance were reduced, which affected the daily cost of buying medicines. The reform of outpatient mutual aid is inclined to the elderly, but why do the elderly think that their interests are damaged?

　　Zhu Minglai (Director, Health Economy and Medical Security Research Center, Nankai University)The original intention of this reform is to hope that the sick and the elderly with poor health can have more benefits, rather than harming their interests.

　　It is believed that only a part of the elderly people have their interests damaged, which does not mean all the elderly people. Different groups of people have different demands. At present, people who feel that their interests are damaged are mainly elderly people who usually have minor illnesses. The funds in personal accounts can cover their daily expenses for buying medicines and seeing a doctor. If the funds in personal accounts decline, it will have an impact on their daily medical payment; However, for the elderly who suffer from chronic diseases, need to take medicine for a long time and go to the clinic for medical treatment, the funds in his personal account are not enough. According to the previous policy, after spending the funds in his personal account, the outpatient expenses have to be paid at his own expense. Therefore, for the elderly with higher outpatient expenses, the benefits will not be damaged, but a higher reimbursement level will be obtained.

　　It is also mentioned in the policy interpretation of "Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Wuhan Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance Outpatient Mutual Aid Security" that the insured Zhou, a retired person, is 68 years old, with an annual pension income of 50,000 yuan. Before the reform, his personal account was transferred to 2,400 yuan every year. Suffering from cerebral infarction, I went to the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital for medical treatment. This year, I incurred a reimbursable expense of 7,150 yuan. If I reimbursed according to the outpatient co-ordination policy, excluding the threshold fee of 500 yuan, I can reimburse (7,150-500) yuan * 60% = 3,990 yuan according to the reimbursement ratio of 60% in tertiary hospitals. Although Zhou’s personal account was less than 1404 yuan after the reform, he enjoyed more than 2586 yuan.

　　twoQ: In April 2021, the State Council issued the guiding opinions on the reform of outpatient mutual aid, and the local authorities received many public opinions when formulating implementation rules and popularizing policies. For example, the Hunan Provincial Medical Insurance Bureau said that the public opinions received recently focused on reflecting that "the level of treatment after the reform has declined", especially for retired employees whose original personal accounts were included in the annual level of more than 2,900 yuan. In your opinion, what problems do retirees’ concerns about the reform of outpatient mutual aid reflect?

　　Lou Yu (Professor, School of Civil and Commercial Economics, China University of Political Science and Law, Director of Institute of Social Law)Since the basic medical insurance system for employees was fully implemented in China in 1997, personal account has been an important medical insurance system. Not only have many structural systems become path-dependent, but the reform of one of them will "affect the whole body", and in the short term, the reform will harm the interests of some people. How to make reasonable compensation for those who have lost interests is also a major event related to the success or failure of the reform.

　　The reform plan of outpatient mutual aid is to reduce the funds remitted by retired insured persons into their personal accounts every month, and the saved funds are used for outpatient serious illness co-ordination. This plan is in line with the development direction of medical insurance, and its original intention is very good, but it is very important to consider the details comprehensively in implementation, which may affect the insured persons’ acceptance of the reform and the effect of the reform. The first thing is that publicity must be in place. After all, personal accounts have existed for more than 20 years. Although the nature of their personal property has not been written into the law, it has formed a basic consensus in the whole society. Secondly, supporting measures must be kept up in time, such as increasing the allocation of common diseases drugs in primary medical institutions, making insured people run less, improving the convenience of the system and reducing personal burden.

　　threeQ: Some netizens said that "the personal account has been transferred less, ‘ Lose money ’ ",for individuals, medical costs will increase because of this reform?

　　Liao Zangyi (Associate Professor, School of Politics and Public Administration, China University of Political Science and Law)Generally speaking, for individuals, their medical costs will not increase because of this reform. Everyone should calculate both small accounts and big accounts. After the reform, the overall planning fund has been strengthened, and after illness, it can be reimbursed through the overall planning fund. Everyone helps each other and the protection will be more adequate. It is necessary to calculate both immediate accounts and long-term accounts. Everyone is old and sick sometimes. Although young and healthy people don’t see many doctors now, the economic risks brought by diseases exist for a long time. Everyone should also look at the difference between income mechanism and insurance mechanism rationally. Under the big framework of social medical insurance, the funds in personal accounts are "medical expenses", not salary income or welfare. When people are old and sick, it is always limited to rely on personal accounts and personal accumulation. All of them need solid and sustainable medical insurance to realize social mutual help and help to resolve the disease risk, and they will benefit from this reform in the long run.

　　Guangdong Medical Insurance Bureau mentioned a case in the Q&A on the reform of outpatient mutual aid guarantee mechanism, which showed that Hua Jie, a retired employee, paid more than 480 yuan for lung CT in November 2022, and paid for it in full. After the implementation of outpatient mutual aid in Guangzhou, Sister Hua recently went to the hospital for CT and found that she only had to pay more than 140 yuan for the same project, and the overall fund paid 70%.

　　According to the calculation of Hunan Medical Insurance Bureau, after the reform, the maximum payment limit of the on-the-job employee pooling fund is 1,500 yuan, and the maximum payment limit of the retirees pooling fund is 2,000 yuan. In 2021, the province’s annual per capita personal account fund income was 1,727 yuan/person, and the personal account fund expenditure was 1,438 yuan/person. At present, the payment limit determined by the general outpatient co-ordination policy, plus the amount transferred from the personal account, can basically meet the outpatient medical needs of the insured.

　　Four questions: China’s personal accounts have existed for more than 20 years. Why should we start the reform of outpatient security including personal accounts recently?

　　Lou Yu:The original intention of the medical insurance personal account system design is to hope that the insured can share the risk of outpatient expenses through long-term accumulation, that is, pay more to the personal account when they are young, but not when they are old, and the medical insurance account is used to pay for outpatient expenses. However, this original intention has not been well realized in practice: the insured people tend to be short-sighted, and a large amount of funds have accumulated in their personal accounts, which has caused high moral hazard, which not only doubled the pressure of supervision, but also limited funds in each insured person’s account, which can only be used to pay small outpatient expenses, and the high outpatient expenses cannot be paid, which is also inconsistent with the principle of "ensuring the big but not the small" in medical insurance, and unfair to insured patients who really need to rely on the medical insurance system to solve high expenses. Therefore, there are many criticisms about personal accounts in medical insurance practice, and all sectors of society are actively seeking reform plans for accounts.

　　Once any system is fixed, it will be very difficult to reform, because any reform is a redistribution of interests. It is easy to reform a specific system, but a comprehensive and comprehensive evaluation of the system and a systematic solution to the problem test the wisdom of the reformers. No matter from the medical insurance practice in China or the system implementation in other countries, it is difficult for a purely accumulated personal account to play the role of the law of large insurance numbers, and it is impossible to share the disease risk and help the funds in a larger scope. It has reached a social consensus that personal account funds should be used for the overall planning of high outpatient expenses, which should be the general direction of reform. However, this reform needs a systematic system design, and necessary supporting measures must be introduced in time to reduce the proportion of medical insurance account allocation.

　　Five questions: The reform of outpatient co-ordination is a systematic project, in which reducing the funds allocated by personal accounts should be the simplest to operate, but if the supporting policies can’t keep up, there may also be cases of damage to rights and interests. In your opinion, the outpatient mutual aid system should really protect the interests of the insured, which supporting reforms are indispensable?

　　Zhu Minglai:I think one of the important reasons why some retirees are concerned about the reduction of personal account funds is that some supporting policies have not kept up in time. The biggest supporting policy of outpatient mutual aid reform is medical care and medicine, such as the accessibility of medical services. Some elderly people have reported that things that could be solved by taking medicine and swiping cards at pharmacies are now going to the hospital. If he does not trust the first-and second-level hospitals, he may have to queue up for a long time at the third-level hospitals. And sometimes when you get to the hospital, the hospital may be short of medicine, and you have to go to the pharmacy to get medicine. This will add a lot of burden to the elderly in running errands.

　　This is also the direction to further improve the supporting policies. Specifically, efforts can be made in three aspects: First, support patients to settle accounts and dispense medicines in designated retail pharmacies with external prescriptions, enjoy the same reimbursement treatment as in medical institutions, and give full play to the convenience of designated retail pharmacies. The second is to explore the inclusion of qualified "internet plus" medical services in the scope of protection, so as to improve the convenience of enjoying treatment. The third is to explore and promote the circulation of electronic prescriptions to better solve the needs of drug purchase settlement.

　　Six questions: The level of economic development and welfare varies from place to place, so does the level of outpatient co-ordination. If the overall level of outpatient service in a region is relatively low, can it make up for the welfare loss caused by reducing the funds in personal accounts?

　　Liao Zangyi:Local governments will encounter some difficulties in establishing outpatient co-ordination. First, the medical insurance information system should keep up, and all designated pharmacies in the co-ordination area should be opened to ensure that patients can enjoy real-time settlement without manual reimbursement. Secondly, medical insurance supervision and intelligent audit should keep up. After the outpatient service is improved, many people will definitely try their best to gain benefits by reselling drugs, which puts forward higher requirements for the refined management and intelligent monitoring of medical insurance.

　　For the welfare loss that may be caused by the low level of overall planning, we can start from three aspects. First, after the implementation of the outpatient mutual aid system, the deductible line for outpatient reimbursement should be appropriately reduced, and the proportion of reimbursement can be appropriately increased. This needs to be dynamically adjusted by the medical insurance department through actuarial science to effectively enhance the people’s sense of gain; Second, the coverage of outpatient mutual aid should be improved, from the existing two diseases, renal dialysis, outpatient radiotherapy and chemotherapy, etc., and gradually expanded to most diseases can enjoy reimbursement treatment to reflect fairness; Third, we can refer to the guarantee policy of hospitalization treatment. If the insured person’s annual outpatient expenses exceed a certain proportion, it can be classified as large medical expenses, and should be guaranteed twice or matched with the corresponding bottom-up mechanism.

　　Seven questions: Many retirees are used to going to designated retail pharmacies to buy medicines. After implementing outpatient mutual aid, what support measures are there for designated retail pharmacies?

　　Zhu Minglai:The reform puts forward that the drug guarantee service of qualified designated retail pharmacies should be included in the scope of outpatient service, and the payment of the overall fund should be extended to qualified designated medical insurance pharmacies, with the purpose of facilitating patients to submit reimbursement nearby and reducing the cost burden. Insured patients can only use personal accounts to pay for drugs purchased at designated retail pharmacies. After the reform, they can use personal accounts or enjoy reimbursement from the overall fund with external prescriptions. According to the relevant data, since the implementation of the reform, the scale of personal accounts used in designated retail pharmacies has increased, which also shows that pharmacies have benefited from the reform measures such as personal accounts helping families and expanding the scope of personal accounts.

　　However, we can’t ignore the violation of laws and regulations in the operation of designated retail pharmacies. For example, it is very common for some city pharmacies to use medical insurance funds to pay for health care products and daily necessities. We must strengthen supervision over this kind of misappropriation and application of medical insurance funds.

　　Eight questions: after the implementation of outpatient mutual aid, will it increase the number of hospital outpatients and labor costs?

　　Liao Zangyi:In the short term, it may increase the number of outpatients in hospitals, such as many minor illnesses such as colds and coughs. Before the reform, many patients will carry on and recover by their own immunity, which can save money after all. After the reform, considering that medical insurance can be reimbursed, some people will have the mentality of "not spending money and not spending money", and there is indeed a risk of increasing the number of hospital outpatients and labor costs in the short term, but with the passage of time, after the market gradually returns to rationality, this phenomenon will gradually fall back to the state before the reform.

　　Question 9: What is the nature of the funds in the medical insurance personal account?

　　Lou Yu:According to the Decision on Establishing the Basic Medical Insurance System for Urban Workers promulgated by the State Council in 1998, the combination of social pooling and individual accounts is the basic principle of basic medical insurance for employees. The principal and interest of individual accounts are owned by individuals and can be carried forward and inherited. This is the basis for the general public to believe that the legal nature of personal accounts is personal property. However, this decision has a low legal rank, and it is not an administrative regulation with external legal effect. It is only a normative document for building a medical insurance system within the administrative organs of people’s society, and it has only guiding significance for the provisions on the nature of individual accounts. The Social Insurance Law promulgated in 2010 didn’t stipulate the unified account as the financing principle of basic medical insurance, and didn’t stipulate the legal nature of individual account, which is considered that legislators don’t recognize the financing rules and payment methods of individual account, leaving enough room for future reform.

　　Question 10: The Social Insurance Law promulgated in 2010 did not mention the personal account of medical insurance. Does it mean that the general direction of future reform is to replace the personal account with the outpatient mutual aid guarantee mechanism?

　　Liao Zangyi:The general direction of future reform can consider gradually reducing personal accounts until they are cancelled. On the one hand, gradually reduce or stop the proportion of unit contributions to individual accounts; On the other hand, gradually abolish the regulation that individual contributions are transferred to individual accounts, and include individual contributions in the overall fund, such as establishing outpatient mutual aid system. Although there may be great resistance in actual operation, in fact, some areas have already tried this method and achieved good results.

On July 6, the Emergency Management Bureau of Heze City, Shandong Province issued a briefing:

On the afternoon of July 5th, affected by the warm and humid airflow in the southwest of the upper trough and the edge of subtropical high, natural disasters of strong convective tornadoes suddenly occurred in Dongming County and Juancheng County of Heze City, causing 88 injuries, of which 5 died after being rescued. Preliminary verification showed that 2,820 houses were damaged, 60,900 mu of farmland was affected, and 48 power supply lines were damaged.

At present, medical experts are doing their best to treat the injured. All kinds of disaster relief and production and life restoration work are in progress, and roads, power supply, water use and communication have been basically restored.

How did tornadoes form?

Tornado is a kind of small-scale air vortex generated under strong unstable weather conditions. The central wind force can reach 100 ~ 200m/s, and the diameter of the lower part of tornado is generally between several meters and hundreds of meters, and the extremely large tornado can reach 1km. After the tornado is formed, it usually lasts for ten minutes to several hours, and the attack range is small, but the destructive power is great.

Where are tornadoes prone to occur in China?

In the case of meeting weather conditions, the plain area is relatively high in tornadoes. For China, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the Pearl River Delta, the Northeast Plain and the North China Plain are all areas where tornadoes occur more frequently. The plain area is densely populated, so special attention should be paid to prevention and response.

Common occurrence time of tornadoes

Spring and summer

Most of them occur in thunderstorm weather in summer.

Especially in the afternoon to evening.

Tornadoes are highly destructive.

When encountering a tornado,

We should quickly find a safe haven.

"formalism at the fingertips"

Complaint reporting platform

The official website of the Corps and WeChat WeChat official account set up a platform of "formalism at the fingertips" to report complaints and accept the supervision of the province’s fire fighters and the public. Accepting issues related to "formalism at the fingertips" in the government mobile Internet application program, government public account and working group of Fujian Fire and Rescue Corps.

Source: Fujian Fire Protection, Comprehensive People’s Republic of China (PRC) Emergency Management Department, Xinhua News Agency, CCTV News, Heze Emergency Management Bureau.

Original title: "Sudden tornado! It has caused 5 deaths and 83 injuries.

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