Go deep into the grassroots, touch the truth and do a good job in research
In March, 2023, the Central Office issued the "Work Plan on Carrying out Investigation and Research in the Whole Party", which pointed out: "The CPC Central Committee decided to carry out investigation and research in the whole party as an important part of the theme education carried out in the whole party to promote the comprehensive construction of a socialist modern country and make a good start." Investigation and research is the heirloom of our party and the basic skill of doing all the work well.
The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that young cadres "should not only’ go into’ the grassroots, but also’ go to’ the grassroots, listen to the truth, examine the truth, really study problems and study real problems". During the period when the general secretary put forward the great concept of "people’s democracy in the whole process", I cherished the precious opportunity of "listening to the truth and examining the true feelings", adhered to the fine tradition of "coming from the masses and going to the masses" and listened to the thoughts and aspirations of grassroots cadres and the masses. Insist on proceeding from reality, understand and master the real situation, concentrate on thinking about grassroots governance and other issues, and earnestly "really study the problem and study the real problem." In the specific investigation and practice, some understandings on how to do a good job in investigation and research have been formed.
First, around the "Three Persistences", find a good research question
Adhere to the major decision-making arrangements of the party and the state. Closely around the party and the country’s major principles and policies and important decision-making arrangements, thoroughly understand the central spirit. Focusing on the central task and decision-making needs of the CPC Central Committee, we should dig out key issues in key areas of concern to the party and the state, and think through the contents that need to be investigated as much as possible. Grasp the urgent task, focus on the overall, key and crucial issues, concentrate on thinking and in-depth analysis, study and sort out the valuable list of research topics, put forward an outline with moderate thickness, form interview questions in line with the actual situation, and effectively enhance the pertinence and accuracy of research.
Adhere to the mass line. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "The mass line is the lifeline and fundamental working line of our party, and it is an important heirloom for our party to maintain its youthful vitality and combat effectiveness forever." In the process of investigation, it is very important to obtain valuable information and adhere to the magic weapon of the mass line. Chairman Mao Zedong once said, "The main point is to make friends with the masses, not to be a detective, which makes people hate. People don’t tell the truth because they don’t know whether your coming here is beneficial to them. During the conversation, give them some time to explore your heart and gradually let them know what you really mean, so that the masses can treat you as a good friend and then investigate the real situation. The masses don’t tell the truth, don’t blame the masses, only blame themselves. " We should persist in working diligently at the grass-roots level, cross the threshold of the unit, enter the hearts of the masses, dive into the grass-roots, sink to the front line, and concentrate on the grass-roots, make friends with the masses and become one with them. Build a working mechanism around the three issues of "what do the masses want", "what do we have" and "how to do better", closely follow the work field and focus on the hot, difficult and painful points that the masses care about.
Insist on seeking truth from facts. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "investigation and research must adhere to the principle of seeking truth from facts and establish a pragmatic style". Investigation and research should pay attention to objective factual basis, adhere to the style of seeking truth and being pragmatic, and take a hands-on attitude, anchor some specific problems, distinguish between truth and falsehood, between falsehood and reality, thoroughly understand the upper feelings, understand the lower feelings, find out the inside story, deeply analyze the background and causes of problems and phenomena, avoid presupposing conclusions, and establish a foundation for summing up valuable, reproducible and popularized practical characteristics.
Second, through the "three combinations", find the right research methods
Through the combination of "point" and "surface", the research object is selected correctly. The investigation should be widely covered. The wider the coverage, the more information you know. However, energy and time are always limited, so it is very important to choose the method of "point". Comrade Mao Zedong once said, "There are three typical types of investigation: first, advanced, second, intermediate and third, backward. If we can investigate two or three in each category according to this classification, we can know the general situation. " The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to "go deep into the grass-roots units to seek advice, and dissect more sparrows to see the big picture". According to these instructions, we can select "sparrows" in a targeted way, collect and understand the situation in an all-round and multi-level way, and fully understand and master the actual situation. For example, the the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Commission has set up 32 grassroots legislative contact points in the country, which are divided into central, western and eastern regions according to different regions; According to the contact point, it is divided into grass-roots political power units, municipal and district government working institutions, institutions and enterprises. According to the establishment time, four batches of 32 companies were established in seven years. According to these characteristics, we can choose a few points from each type to dissect the sparrow.
Through the combination of "eyesight" and "brain power", find the real problem. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed, "Keep your eyes down and your feet down, always dive down and sink to the front line, go near and far, look at the good and bad, listen to the praise and criticism of cadres and the masses, and truly understand the situation." We must persist in going deep into the grassroots, seeing and experiencing with our own eyes, listening to the truth of the masses, finding out the real situation and finding the real problems.
The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that "we should make great efforts in in-depth analysis and thinking, select the essence from the rough, discard the false and retain the true, so as to find the essence and laws of things and find solutions to problems from the outside to the inside". On the basis of in-depth investigation, we should conduct systematic and thorough research and in-depth thinking, and refine, systematize and theorize the scattered and perceptual information collected.
Through the combination of eyesight and brain power, we can make a good combination of investigation and study, and practice the eye-catching of finding problems, grasping the essence of things, finding out the internal relations of things, and thus drawing accurate conclusions.
Last year, when receiving the task of legal advice on the revised draft of the company law, the contact point of Hongqiao Street grassroots legislation actively entered the Changning District Federation of Industry and Commerce and related enterprises to listen to their opinions and suggestions. According to the situation reflected in the visit, the problems encountered by enterprises were analyzed. After systematizing scattered information, a legislative consultation forum with the theme of "consulting with legislative opinions, embodying good laws and good governance, and creating a good business environment" was designed, and foreign capital, domestic capital, Taiwan capital and Hong Kong capital were invited to participate in democratic legislation and experience open legislation to realize the interaction of "four businesses". This activity, precisely because it went deep into the grass roots and found out the situation, finally achieved a good research effect, enhanced the experience of different groups on democratic practice, made them willing to tell the story of democracy in China, and made democracy in China more influential.
Through the combination of "seeking truth" and "seeking depth", do a good job in-depth interview. "Seeking truth" is to treat the interviewee sincerely and really find the truth of the problem. In the process of investigation, we must abide by the belief of "people-oriented", exchange people’s hearts for people’s hearts, look at problems from the standpoint and perspective of the masses, and connect the two sides with sincerity. "Seeking the depth" means deepening the interview in order to deeply understand the truth. Interview is the best way to get first-hand information. We should stick to the principle of "drilling a well deep": go deep into the grassroots to understand the specific situation, find the real problems in depth, and go deep into the masses to understand what is urgently needed. In addition, when sorting out the interview materials, we should fully brainstorm, give full play to the value of the collected materials, and think deeply, analyze deeply and summarize deeply.
During my tenure, in order to find out what the neighborhood committee secretary is busy with, which is a major issue related to grassroots governance, I investigated and learned about the daily work of 21 neighborhood committee secretaries in 13 streets in 5 districts of Shanghai through field visits, interviews and exchanges. Every secretary of the neighborhood committee interviewed has a different personality and a unique conversation style. It is very important to dispel their worries, build trust quickly and speak freely. In the process of communicating with the secretaries of the neighborhood committees, we groped for an interview method of "sincerely eliminating barriers, bringing people closer with enthusiasm and opening the topic with empathy", and gained a lot of valuable first-hand information and work experience from the interviews with them. I am deeply impressed that in order to deeply understand community governance, I chose the community where Shanghai’s first "Habitat Garden" was born as a research sample and went to investigate it many times. The secretary of the neighborhood committee explained to me in detail the reasons, process and difficulties of building the "Habitat Garden", and the community residents vividly talked to me about how they divided their work to maintain the daily operation of the Habitat Garden, and what changes the garden brought to their daily lives. In view of what they said, I deeply learned and understood: how to promote the new practice of community governance by giving full play to the subjective initiative of residents and do a good job in people’s livelihood.
Third, adhere to the "three unifications" and find the right research countermeasures
The purpose of investigation is to solve the problem. Comrade Mao Zedong once pointed out: "Investigation is like pregnancy in October, and solving the problem is like giving birth once. To solve a problem, we must obtain a lot of materials through investigation and study, and then analyze and synthesize the materials to get the fundamental solution to the problem. " How to put forward the investigation countermeasures pertinently should achieve three unifications.
Adhere to the unity of integrity and innovation. The process of writing an investigation report is a process of constantly sorting out, summarizing, analyzing and refining the information obtained in the investigation, and it is a process of "removing the rough and selecting the essence, removing the false and retaining the true". Valuable research countermeasures should not only hold the position and the direction; It is also necessary to explore and innovate, identify the problem accurately, dig deep into the root causes, implement the plan, do not stick to stereotypes, constantly innovate the thinking and methods of solving problems, and solve the problems found in the investigation with new ideas and new methods.
Adhere to the unity of simplicity and effectiveness. The research report is for the convenience of leaders to make decisions. If an excellent scheme and countermeasure is to be stable and reliable, it must be concise and effective. In fact, the core of the unity of simplicity and effectiveness needs to achieve three "haves": First, it is organized. The solution to the problem needs to be clear-cut and clear-cut. The second is to be targeted. Analyze the root causes and put forward targeted, innovative and operable countermeasures and suggestions; Third, it is well founded. Countermeasures should be well analyzed and meaningful, and each argument should be supported by strict logic and objective data, and each argument should be supported by true and sufficient arguments.
Adhere to the unity of universality and particularity. To sum up the countermeasures in the investigation report, we should accurately grasp the representativeness of the problems and pay attention to distinguishing the relationship between common problems and special cases. Through in-depth and systematic analysis of the collected specific information, we can find out the essential characteristics of the problem. We should not exaggerate or narrow the severity of the problem by subjective feelings in the process of investigation, and confuse common problems with special situations, which will lead to the proposed countermeasures being blind and misleading.
In short, we should try our best to dig deep into the countermeasures on the basis of fully understanding the facts, deeply analyze the information collected from the investigation, grasp the real problem from the contradiction point, find the causal chain from the breakthrough point, and find the countermeasures from the key points, and strive to form a high-quality investigation report with accurate problems and pragmatic and effective countermeasures, so as to achieve the good effect of "adjusting the value and applying the research".
(The author is Chen Yubo, doctor of law, cadre of the National Law Office of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) Law Committee)
Source: China People’s Congress Network
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